A Pilot Study Testing a Life Skills Application to Address Interpersonal Relationships in College (MKit)

Eksperimentell: MKit WebApp-intervensjon

Intervensjonsarmen vil motta den vanlige opplæringspakken for standard omsorg for innkommende studenter ved University of Michigan som inkluderer: 1) Haven, en nettmodul om sunne forhold og seksuell vold fullført før de kom til campus; 2) Relationship Remix, et interaktivt program fra jevnaldrende om sunne forhold og seksuell vold; og 3) Change it Up, en pedagogisk teaterforestilling fra tilskuerintervensjon levert av studentskuespillere. I tillegg vil de få tilgang til MKit WebApp, som vil gi dem tilgang til innhold, målsetting og ressurser for 14 emneområder.

Atferdsmessig: MKit

MKit er en nettbasert applikasjon som bruker en livsferdighetstilnærming for å adressere sunne forhold og seksuell vold. Den inkluderer 14 fliser som inneholder informasjon, målsetting og ressurser.

Ingen inngripen: Velferdstandard

Kontrollarmen vil motta den vanlige opplæringspakken for standard omsorg for innkommende studenter ved University of Michigan som inkluderer: 1) Haven, en nettmodul om sunne forhold og seksuell vold fullført før de kom til campus; 2) Relationship Remix, et interaktivt program fra jevnaldrende om sunne forhold og seksuell vold; og 3) Change it Up, en pedagogisk teaterforestilling fra tilskuerintervensjon levert av studentskuespillere.

3-Month Usability

The 10-item System Usability Scale will be used to evaluate the usability of WebApp in the intervention group only. The System Usability Scale (Brook, 1996) includes 10 items that are rated from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree). To get a final score the: 1) First, one is subtracted from the score of the odd items; 2) Second, the responses are subtracted from 5 for the even-numbered items; 3) Then the responses are summed and multiplied by 2.5 to get a range of 0-100. A score above 68 is considered above average.

5-Month Usability

The 10-item System Usability Scale will be used to evaluate the usability of WebApp in the intervention group only. The System Usability Scale (Brook, 1996) includes 10 items that are rated from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree). To get a final score the: 1) First, one is subtracted from the score of the odd items; 2) Second, the responses are subtracted from 5 for the even-numbered items; 3) Then the responses are summed and multiplied by 2.5 to get a range of 0-100. A score above 68 is considered above average.

3-Month Acceptability

The 5-item System Acceptability Scale (investigator created) will be used to evaluate the acceptability of the WebApp in the intervention group only. An investigator-created acceptability scale with 5-items will be used to measure acceptability. Four items are scored from 1 (Strongly Agree/Very Likely) to 5 (Strongly Disagree/Very Unlikely) and will be reverse coded. One item assess the frequency of use of the WebApp from 1 (Never) to 5 (Multiple times a week). All five items will be summed for a total score. Scores range from 5-25, with higher scores indicating greater acceptability.

5-Month Acceptability

The 5-item System Acceptability Scale (investigator created) will be used to evaluate the acceptability of the WebApp in the intervention group only. An investigator-created acceptability scale with 5-items will be used to measure acceptability. Four items are scored from 1 (Strongly Agree/Very Likely) to 5 (Strongly Disagree/Very Unlikely) and will be reverse coded. One item assess the frequency of use of the WebApp from 1 (Never) to 5 (Multiple times a week). All five items will be summed for a total score. Scores range from 5-25, with higher scores indicating greater acceptability.

3-Month Retention

The retention rate will be calculated based on how many participants in the intervention group have completed the follow-up surveys. A total retention score (those retained/those enrolled) will be computed based on interaction with the WebApp.

5-Month Retention

The retention rate will be calculated based on how many participants in the intervention group have completed the follow-up surveys. A total retention score (those retained/those enrolled) will be computed based on interaction with the WebApp.

3-Month Sexual Violence Victimization

The 10-item Sexual Experiences Survey will be used to measure participants' experiences of sexual violence victimization. The revised Sexual Experiences Survey - Short Form Victimization (Koss et al., 2007) includes 10 items that are used to assess the frequency of seven victimization behaviors and then uses three questions to explore the sex of the perpetrator and if the participant believes they were raped. We will be items 1-7 to assess the number of times an individual has experienced victimization over the last 3 months from 0 to 3+ times. The results will be scored as a percentage of participants who have experienced each individual behavior and the percentage who report that they have experienced a rape.

5-Month Sexual Violence Victimization

The 10-item Sexual Experiences Survey will be used to measure participants' experiences of sexual violence victimization. The revised Sexual Experiences Survey - Short Form Victimization (Koss et al., 2007) includes 10 items that are used to assess the frequency of seven victimization behaviors and then uses three questions to explore the sex of the perpetrator and if the participant believes they were raped. We will be items 1-7 to assess the number of times an individual has experienced victimization over the last 5 months from 0 to 3+ times. The results will be scored as a percentage of participants who have experienced each individual behavior and the percentage who report that they have experienced a rape.

3-Month Sexual Violence Perpetration

The 10-item Sexual Experiences Survey will be used to measure participants' experiences of sexual violence perpetration. The revised Sexual Experiences Survey - Short Form Perpetration (Koss et al., 2007) includes seven items that are used to assess the frequency of perpetration of sexual violence behaviors and three questions that explore the sex of the victims and if the individual believes they have perpetrated a rape. We will be using these to assess the number of times an individual has perpetrated sexual violence over the last 3 months from 0 to 3+ times. The results will be scored as a percentage of participants who have perpetrated each individual behavior and the percentage who believe they have perpetrated a rape.

5-Month Sexual Violence Perpetration

The 10-item Sexual Experiences Survey will be used to measure participants' experiences of sexual violence perpetration. The revised Sexual Experiences Survey - Short Form Perpetration (Koss et al., 2007) includes seven items that are used to assess the frequency of perpetration of sexual violence behaviors and three questions that explore the sex of the victims and if the individual believes they have perpetrated a rape. We will be using these to assess the number of times an individual has perpetrated sexual violence over the last 5 months from 0 to 3+ times. The results will be scored as a percentage of participants who have perpetrated each individual behavior and the percentage who believe they have perpetrated a rape.

3-Month Sexual Violence Knowledge

An 8-item (investigator created) scale will be used to measure participants' sexual violence knowledge at 3-months. The investigator-created sexual violence knowledge questions are scored from 1 (Strongly Agree) to 5 (Strongly Disagree) and the scores will be reverse-coded and summed for a total sexual violence knowledge score ranging from 8 - 40, with higher scores indicating more sexual violence knowledge.

5-Month Sexual Violence Knowledge

An 8-item (investigator created) scale will be used to measure participants' sexual violence knowledge at 5-months. The investigator-created sexual violence knowledge questions are scored from 1 (Strongly Agree) to 5 (Strongly Disagree) and the scores will be reverse-coded and summed for a total sexual violence knowledge score ranging from 8 - 40, with higher scores indicating more sexual violence knowledge.

3-Month Sexual Relationship Power

Fifteen items from the Relationship Control sub-scale of the Sexual Relationship Power Scale will be used to measure power dynamics within participants' sexual relationships at 3-months. The Relationship Control Sub-scale Items (Pulerwitz, Gortmaker, & DeJong, 2000) are scored from 1 (Strongly Agree) to 4 (Strongly Disagree). Scores are summed with total scores ranging from 15-60. Higher scores represent higher sexual relationship power.

5-Month Sexual Relationship Power

Fifteen items from the Relationship Control sub-scale of the Sexual Relationship Power Scale will be used to measure power dynamics within participants' sexual relationships at 5-months. The Relationship Control Sub-scale Items (Pulerwitz, Gortmaker, & DeJong, 2000) are scored from 1 (Strongly Agree) to 4 (Strongly Disagree). Scores are summed with total scores ranging from 15-60. Higher scores represent higher sexual relationship power.

3-Month Rape Myth Acceptance

The 22-item modified Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance scale will be used to measure attitudes endorsing rape myths at 3-months. The modified Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale (McMahon & Farmer, 2011) is scored from 1 (Strongly Agree) to 5 (Strongly Disagree). It includes four sub-scales (She asked for it, He didn't mean to, It wasn't really rape, and She lied). The items in each sub-scale can be summed for a total score and the scores for the entire scale can be summed for a cumulative score. Scores on the full scale range from 22-110. Scores on the She Asked For It and He Didn't Mean To sub-scales range from 6-30. Scores on the It Wasn't Really Rape and the She Lied sub-scales range from 5-25. Higher scores indicate greater rejection of rape myths.

5-Month Rape Myth Acceptance

The 22-item modified Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance scale will be used to measure attitudes endorsing rape myths at 5-months. The modified Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale (McMahon & Farmer, 2011) is scored from 1 (Strongly Agree) to 5 (Strongly Disagree). It includes four sub-scales (She asked for it, He didn't mean to, It wasn't really rape, and She lied). The items in each sub-scale can be summed for a total score and the scores for the entire scale can be summed for a cumulative score. Scores on the full scale range from 22-110. Scores on the She Asked For It and He Didn't Mean To sub-scales range from 6-30. Scores on the It Wasn't Really Rape and the She Lied sub-scales range from 5-25. Higher scores indicate greater rejection of rape myths.