The Effects of Intermittent Water Consumption and Restriction on Serum Electrolyte Levels in Professional Football Players During Competition
Background: In sports requiring intense physical exertion, particularly in endurance-based disciplines such as football, exercise-induced fluid and electrolyte losses can have adverse effects on thermoregulation, cardiovascular stability, and neuromuscular functions. Failure to balance these losses with adequate and timely rehydration increases the risk of performance decrement and injury. Although the literature indicates that intermittent and individualized fluid intake can mitigate these physiological effects, experimental studies conducted under field conditions with professional athletes remain limited. In this context, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of intermittent water consumption administered during competition on exercise-induced changes in body weight and basic serum electrolyte levels (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl-) in professional football players.
Methods: Twenty-two male football players participated in the study and were randomly assigned to either the experimental (intermittent water intake, n=11) or control (ad libitum water intake, n=11) group. Both groups played a 90-minute match; body weight and serum electrolyte levels were measured before and after the competition. The experimental group was provided with a total of 10 mL/kg of plain water, administered before the match and at half-time.
Visão geral do estudo
Status
Condições
Intervenção / Tratamento
Tipo de estudo
Inscrição (Real)
Estágio
- Não aplicável
Critérios de participação
Critérios de elegibilidade
Idades elegíveis para estudo
- Adulto
- Adulto mais velho
Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis
Descrição
Inclusion Criteria:
- Male professional football players.
- Actively playing for Anadolu Selçukspor in the Turkish Football Federation 2nd League.
- Training at a professional level.
- Having no reported health problems.
- Voluntary participation in the study.
- Providing written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Having any health problem that could affect participation in the football match or study measurements.
- Having an injury or medical condition preventing participation in exercise.
- Refusal to participate or failure to provide written informed consent.
- Not completing the match protocol or pre- and post-competition measurements.
Plano de estudo
Como o estudo é projetado?
Detalhes do projeto
- Finalidade Principal: Outro
- Alocação: Randomizado
- Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
- Mascaramento: Nenhum (rótulo aberto)
Armas e Intervenções
Grupo de Participantes / Braço |
Intervenção / Tratamento |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: Intermittent Water Intake Group
Participants in this arm received intermittent plain water intake during the football match.
The total water volume was calculated according to body weight as 2 × 5 mL/kg and was administered in two equal doses: 15 minutes before the match and immediately after the first half.
|
Participants in the experimental group received plain water according to body weight.
The total amount was calculated as 2 × 5 mL/kg and was administered in two equal doses: 15 minutes before the start of the football match and immediately after the first half.
Water intake was directly observed and recorded.
Outros nomes:
|
|
Sem intervenção: Ad Libitum Water Intake Group
Participants in this arm received no specific hydration guidance during the study and followed their natural thirst-driven drinking behavior throughout the football match.
|
O que o estudo está medindo?
Medidas de resultados primários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in Serum Electrolyte Levels
Prazo: Before and immediately after the 90-minute football match
|
Change in serum sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride levels from before to after the 90-minute football match.
Venous blood samples were collected before and immediately after the competition to evaluate exercise-induced changes in serum electrolyte balance.
|
Before and immediately after the 90-minute football match
|
Medidas de resultados secundários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in Body Weight
Prazo: Before and immediately after the 90-minute football match
|
Change in body weight from before to after the 90-minute football match.
Body weight was measured before and after the competition to estimate exercise-induced fluid loss.
|
Before and immediately after the 90-minute football match
|
Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: Süleyman Patlar, Prod. Dr., Selcuk University
Datas de registro do estudo
Datas Principais do Estudo
Início do estudo (Real)
Conclusão Primária (Real)
Conclusão do estudo (Real)
Datas de inscrição no estudo
Enviado pela primeira vez
Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ
Primeira postagem (Real)
Atualizações de registro de estudo
Última Atualização Postada (Real)
Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade
Última verificação
Mais Informações
Termos relacionados a este estudo
Palavras-chave
Outros números de identificação do estudo
- SU-FSS-2015-41
Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)
Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?
Descrição do plano IPD
Prazo de Compartilhamento de IPD
Critérios de acesso de compartilhamento IPD
Tipo de informação de suporte de compartilhamento de IPD
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