CMV Refractory and Resistant Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients in Argentina
22 de agosto de 2026 atualizado por: EMILIO FELIPE HUAIER ARRIAZU, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
Evaluation of Cytomegalovirus Refractoriness and Resistance in Solid Organ Transplantation in Argentina: A Multicenter Study
This study will describe the frequency and characteristics of refractory and resistant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in adults who received a solid organ transplant in Argentina between 2017 and 2024.
Researchers will review medical records from transplant centers across the country to identify episodes of CMV infection that did not respond adequately to standard antiviral treatment (refractory) or that showed genetic mutations associated with drug resistance.
The study will describe the clinical features, treatments used, and outcomes (including graft function and survival) of patients with these episodes, in order to better understand how common this problem is and what factors are associated with it in the local population.
Visão geral do estudo
Status
Ainda não está recrutando
Descrição detalhada
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) remains one of the most frequent infections after solid organ transplantation (SOT), with important direct and indirect effects on graft and patient survival. While preventive strategies (prophylaxis and preemptive therapy) have reduced CMV-related disease and mortality, refractory and resistant CMV infection continues to be a major challenge, particularly in high-risk transplants (donor-positive/recipient-negative serostatus, and those receiving thymoglobulin induction). No epidemiological data on refractory or resistant CMV currently exist in Argentina.
This multicenter retrospective cohort study will include adult (≥18 years) solid organ transplant recipients from participating centers in Argentina who developed CMV infection within 18 months post-transplant, between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2024. Cases meeting pre-specified operational criteria for refractory or resistant CMV infection will be identified from medical records. Refractory infection is defined as viral load that does not decrease or increases after two weeks of appropriate antiviral treatment; resistant infection is defined as refractory infection with documentation of at least one genetic mutation (UL97 and/or UL54) associated with antiviral resistance, confirmed through genotyping performed at the national reference laboratory (Instituto Malbrán).
Data will include demographic and transplant-related variables, immunosuppression regimen, virological monitoring, antiviral treatment lines and dosing, resistance genotyping results when available, and clinical outcomes including graft function, rejection episodes, and mortality at 90 days and one year. Data will be collected, coded, and stored in a centralized, de-identified database (REDCap) for descriptive and comparative statistical analysis.
Tipo de estudo
Observacional
Inscrição (Estimado)
200
Contactos e Locais
Esta seção fornece os detalhes de contato para aqueles que conduzem o estudo e informações sobre onde este estudo está sendo realizado.
Contato de estudo
- Nome: Emilio Felipe Huaier Arriazu, MD
- Número de telefone: 8165 / 9542 +549 011 49590200
- E-mail: emilio.huaier@hospitalitaliano.org.ar
Estude backup de contato
- Nome: Laura Alicia Barcan, MD
- Número de telefone: 8206 +549 1149590200
- E-mail: laura.barcan@hospitalitaliano.org.ar
Locais de estudo
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Buenos Aires F.D.
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Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires F.D., Argentina, 1199
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
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Subinvestigador:
- Emilio Felipe Huaier Arriazu, MD
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Contato:
- EMILIO Felipe HUAIER ARRIAZU, MD
- Número de telefone: 8165 / 9542 +54911-49590200
- E-mail: emilio.huaier@hospitalitaliano.org.ar
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Contato:
- Laura Alicia Barcan, MD
- Número de telefone: 8206 +54911-49590200
- E-mail: laura.barcan@hospitalitaliano.org.ar
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Subinvestigador:
- Astrid Smud, MD
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Investigador principal:
- Laura Alicia Barcan, MD
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Subinvestigador:
- Natalia Pujato, MD
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Critérios de participação
Os pesquisadores procuram pessoas que se encaixem em uma determinada descrição, chamada de critérios de elegibilidade. Alguns exemplos desses critérios são a condição geral de saúde de uma pessoa ou tratamentos anteriores.
Critérios de elegibilidade
Idades elegíveis para estudo
- Adulto
- Adulto mais velho
Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis
Não
Método de amostragem
Amostra Não Probabilística
População do estudo
Adult patients (≥18 years) who received a solid organ transplant (kidney, liver, heart, lung, pancreas, or combined transplant) at one of the participating centers in Argentina, and who developed cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection within 18 months following transplantation, during the period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2024.
Cases are identified retrospectively from the transplant databases and medical records of each participating center.
Descrição
Inclusion Criteria:
- Adult patients (≥18 years) who received a solid organ transplant (kidney, liver, heart, lung, pancreas, or combined) at a participating center in Argentina between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2024
- Documented CMV infection within 18 months post-transplant
- Followed for at least 18 months from transplant and at least 12 months from CMV infection onset
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients with incomplete medical records precluding assessment of CMV infection status or key study variables
- Patients not meeting the minimum follow-up period from transplant or from infection onset
Plano de estudo
Esta seção fornece detalhes do plano de estudo, incluindo como o estudo é projetado e o que o estudo está medindo.
Como o estudo é projetado?
Detalhes do projeto
Coortes e Intervenções
Grupo / Coorte |
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CMV-infected SOT recipients
Adult solid organ transplant recipients (kidney, liver, heart, lung, pancreas, or combined transplants) who developed CMV infection within 18 months post-transplant between 2017 and 2024, followed to identify episodes meeting criteria for refractory or resistant infection
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O que o estudo está medindo?
Medidas de resultados primários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
|---|---|---|
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Incidence of refractory or resistant CMV infection
Prazo: Within 18 months post-transplant, assessed retrospectively for the period January 2017 to December 2024
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Proportion of solid organ transplant recipients with CMV infection who meet operational criteria for refractory infection (viral load unchanged or increased after 2 weeks of appropriate antiviral treatment) or resistant infection (refractory infection plus documented genetic mutation, e.g.
UL97 and/or UL54, associated with antiviral resistance)
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Within 18 months post-transplant, assessed retrospectively for the period January 2017 to December 2024
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Medidas de resultados secundários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
|---|---|---|
|
Incidence of overall CMV infection
Prazo: Within 18 months post-transplant, 2017-2024
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Proportion of SOT recipients with any CMV infection (primary infection, reactivation, asymptomatic infection, or disease), stratified by transplanted organ
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Within 18 months post-transplant, 2017-2024
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Distribution of clinical forms of CMV infection
Prazo: Within 18 months post-transplant, 2017-2024
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Classification of CMV episodes as primary infection, reactivation, asymptomatic infection, or CMV disease
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Within 18 months post-transplant, 2017-2024
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Frequency of antiviral resistance mutations
Prazo: From T3 (declaration of refractoriness) to T4 (episode resolution), up to 12 months
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Proportion of genotyped refractory CMV episodes with ≥1 resistance-associated mutation (UL97 and/or UL54)
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From T3 (declaration of refractoriness) to T4 (episode resolution), up to 12 months
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Antiviral treatment lines and combination therapy use
Prazo: From T2 (treatment initiation) to T4 (negativization) or last available PCR if not resolved, up to 12 months
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Number of antiviral treatment lines used per episode (1, 2, ≥3) and proportion of episodes receiving combination antiviral therapy (≥2 active agents ≥72h)
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From T2 (treatment initiation) to T4 (negativization) or last available PCR if not resolved, up to 12 months
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All-cause mortality
Prazo: 90 days and 1 year post-episode onset
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Proportion of patients who died at 90 days and at 1 year after the CMV refractory/resistant episode
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90 days and 1 year post-episode onset
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Graft outcome
Prazo: rejection following the CMV refractory/resistant episode Through 1 year post-episode onset
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Proportion of patients with graft loss or rejection following the CMV refractory/resistant episode
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rejection following the CMV refractory/resistant episode Through 1 year post-episode onset
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Association between mutation type and antiviral treatment received
Prazo: From T2 (antiviral treatment initiation) to T4 (episode resolution), up to 12 months
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Distribution of antiviral treatment regimens received (ganciclovir, foscarnet, letermovir, maribavir, cidofovir, combination therapy) according to mutation type detected (UL97 vs. UL54 vs. none)
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From T2 (antiviral treatment initiation) to T4 (episode resolution), up to 12 months
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Virologic response
Prazo: From T2 (treatment initiation) to T4 (confirmed negativization), up to 12 months, with censoring at last available PCR for patients not achieving negativization
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Time to virologic negativization (two consecutive negative PCR results ≥7 days apart)
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From T2 (treatment initiation) to T4 (confirmed negativization), up to 12 months, with censoring at last available PCR for patients not achieving negativization
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
É aqui que você encontrará pessoas e organizações envolvidas com este estudo.
Patrocinador
Colaboradores
Publicações e links úteis
A pessoa responsável por inserir informações sobre o estudo fornece voluntariamente essas publicações. Estes podem ser sobre qualquer coisa relacionada ao estudo.
Publicações Gerais
- Chemaly RF, Chou S, Einsele H, Griffiths P, Avery R, Razonable RR, Mullane KM, Kotton C, Lundgren J, Komatsu TE, Lischka P, Josephson F, Douglas CM, Umeh O, Miller V, Ljungman P; Resistant Definitions Working Group of the Cytomegalovirus Drug Development Forum. Definitions of Resistant and Refractory Cytomegalovirus Infection and Disease in Transplant Recipients for Use in Clinical Trials. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Apr 8;68(8):1420-1426. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy696.
- Kotton CN, Kumar D, Manuel O, Chou S, Hayden RT, Danziger-Isakov L, Asberg A, Tedesco-Silva H, Humar A; Transplantation Society International CMV Consensus Group. The Fourth International Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Cytomegalovirus in Solid Organ Transplantation. Transplantation. 2025 Jul 1;109(7):1066-1110. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000005374. Epub 2025 Apr 9. No abstract available.
- Navarro D, Fernandez-Ruiz M, Aguado JM, Sandonis V, Perez-Romero P. Going beyond serology for stratifying the risk of CMV infection in transplant recipients. Rev Med Virol. 2019 Jan;29(1):e2017. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2017. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
- Mehta Steinke SA, Alfares M, Valsamakis A, Shoham S, Arav-Boger R, Lees L, Ostrander D, Forman MS, Shedeck A, Ambinder RF, Jones RJ, Avery RK. Outcomes of transplant recipients treated with cidofovir for resistant or refractory cytomegalovirus infection. Transpl Infect Dis. 2021 Jun;23(3):e13521. doi: 10.1111/tid.13521. Epub 2020 Dec 2.
- Tamzali Y, Pourcher V, Azoyan L, Ouali N, Barrou B, Conti F, Coutance G, Gay F, Tourret J, Boutolleau D. Factors Associated With Genotypic Resistance and Outcome Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients With Refractory Cytomegalovirus Infection. Transpl Int. 2023 Jun 15;36:11295. doi: 10.3389/ti.2023.11295. eCollection 2023.
- Aguado JM, Navarro D, Montoto C, Yebenes M, de Castro-Oros I. Incidence of refractory CMV infection with or without antiviral resistance in Spain: A systematic literature review. Transplant Rev (Orlando). 2024 Jan;38(1):100804. doi: 10.1016/j.trre.2023.100804. Epub 2023 Nov 6.
- Fisher CE, Knudsen JL, Lease ED, Jerome KR, Rakita RM, Boeckh M, Limaye AP. Risk Factors and Outcomes of Ganciclovir-Resistant Cytomegalovirus Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Jul 1;65(1):57-63. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix259.
- Kampouri E, Manuel O. Preemptive therapy versus universal prophylaxis: Time for reconciliation? Transpl Infect Dis. 2023 Apr;25(2):e14014. doi: 10.1111/tid.14014. Epub 2023 Feb 3. No abstract available.
- Stern M, Hirsch H, Cusini A, van Delden C, Manuel O, Meylan P, Boggian K, Mueller NJ, Dickenmann M; Members of Swiss Transplant Cohort Study. Cytomegalovirus serology and replication remain associated with solid organ graft rejection and graft loss in the era of prophylactic treatment. Transplantation. 2014 Nov 15;98(9):1013-8. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000000160.
Datas de registro do estudo
Essas datas acompanham o progresso do registro do estudo e os envios de resumo dos resultados para ClinicalTrials.gov. Os registros do estudo e os resultados relatados são revisados pela National Library of Medicine (NLM) para garantir que atendam aos padrões específicos de controle de qualidade antes de serem publicados no site público.
Datas Principais do Estudo
Início do estudo (Estimado)
1 de setembro de 2026
Conclusão Primária (Estimado)
30 de janeiro de 2027
Conclusão do estudo (Estimado)
1 de março de 2027
Datas de inscrição no estudo
Enviado pela primeira vez
26 de julho de 2026
Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ
22 de agosto de 2026
Primeira postagem (Real)
26 de agosto de 2026
Atualizações de registro de estudo
Última Atualização Postada (Real)
26 de agosto de 2026
Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade
22 de agosto de 2026
Última verificação
1 de agosto de 2026
Mais Informações
Termos relacionados a este estudo
Palavras-chave
Termos MeSH relevantes adicionais
Outros números de identificação do estudo
- 7752 (CTEP)
Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)
Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?
NÃO
Descrição do plano IPD
Individual participant data will not be shared.
Study data are de-identified and coded using a randomly generated numeric key, in accordance with Argentine Personal Data Protection Law 25.326/00 (Habeas Data) and institutional confidentiality requirements.
Access is restricted to the principal investigator, and the database will be deleted upon completion of the statistical analysis.
Informações sobre medicamentos e dispositivos, documentos de estudo
Estuda um medicamento regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA
Não
Estuda um produto de dispositivo regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA
Não
Essas informações foram obtidas diretamente do site clinicaltrials.gov sem nenhuma alteração. Se você tiver alguma solicitação para alterar, remover ou atualizar os detalhes do seu estudo, entre em contato com register@clinicaltrials.gov. Assim que uma alteração for implementada em clinicaltrials.gov, ela também será atualizada automaticamente em nosso site .