Effects of aromatherapy on the anxiety, vital signs, and sleep quality of percutaneous coronary intervention patients in intensive care units

Mi-Yeon Cho, Eun Sil Min, Myung-Haeng Hur, Myeong Soo Lee, Mi-Yeon Cho, Eun Sil Min, Myung-Haeng Hur, Myeong Soo Lee

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aromatherapy on the anxiety, sleep, and blood pressure (BP) of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients in an intensive care unit (ICU). Fifty-six patients with PCI in ICU were evenly allocated to either the aromatherapy or conventional nursing care. Aromatherapy essential oils were blended with lavender, roman chamomile, and neroli with a 6 : 2 : 0.5 ratio. Participants received 10 times treatment before PCI, and the same essential oils were inhaled another 10 times after PCI. Outcome measures patients' state anxiety, sleeping quality, and BP. An aromatherapy group showed significantly low anxiety (t = 5.99, P < .001) and improving sleep quality (t = -3.65, P = .001) compared with conventional nursing intervention. The systolic BP of both groups did not show a significant difference by time or in a group-by-time interaction; however, a significant difference was observed between groups (F = 4.63, P = .036). The diastolic BP did not show any significant difference by time or by a group-by-time interaction; however, a significant difference was observed between groups (F = 6.93, P = .011). In conclusion, the aromatherapy effectively reduced the anxiety levels and increased the sleep quality of PCI patients admitted to the ICU. Aromatherapy may be used as an independent nursing intervention for reducing the anxiety levels and improving the sleep quality of PCI patients.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pre- and postmeasurement of anxiety. **P < .01 between 2 groups. Data are expressed as mean and standard deviation.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pre- and postmeasurement of quality of sleep. **P < .01 between 2 groups. Data are expressed as mean and standard deviation.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Changes of (a) systolic blood pressure (SBP) and (b) diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in aromatherapy and control groups. *P < .05 and **P < .01 between 2 groups. Data are expressed as mean and standard deviation. The ANCOVA test showed the main effects of time (F = 0.85, P = 0.60), group (F = 4.63, P = 0.036), and group × time interaction (F = 1.29, P = 0.32) in (a) SBP and time (F = 1.33, P = 0.24), group (F = 6.93, P = 0.011), and group × time interaction (F = 0.64, P = 0.81) in (b) DBP. PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention.

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Source: PubMed

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