Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: Current State of the Science: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Sharonne N Hayes, Esther S H Kim, Jacqueline Saw, David Adlam, Cynthia Arslanian-Engoren, Katherine E Economy, Santhi K Ganesh, Rajiv Gulati, Mark E Lindsay, Jennifer H Mieres, Sahar Naderi, Svati Shah, David E Thaler, Marysia S Tweet, Malissa J Wood, American Heart Association Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Genomic and Precision Medicine; and Stroke Council, Sharonne N Hayes, Esther S H Kim, Jacqueline Saw, David Adlam, Cynthia Arslanian-Engoren, Katherine E Economy, Santhi K Ganesh, Rajiv Gulati, Mark E Lindsay, Jennifer H Mieres, Sahar Naderi, Svati Shah, David E Thaler, Marysia S Tweet, Malissa J Wood, American Heart Association Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Genomic and Precision Medicine; and Stroke Council
Abstract
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) has emerged as an important cause of acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, and sudden death, particularly among young women and individuals with few conventional atherosclerotic risk factors. Patient-initiated research has spurred increased awareness of SCAD, and improved diagnostic capabilities and findings from large case series have led to changes in approaches to initial and long-term management and increasing evidence that SCAD not only is more common than previously believed but also must be evaluated and treated differently from atherosclerotic myocardial infarction. High rates of recurrent SCAD; its association with female sex, pregnancy, and physical and emotional stress triggers; and concurrent systemic arteriopathies, particularly fibromuscular dysplasia, highlight the differences in clinical characteristics of SCAD compared with atherosclerotic disease. Recent insights into the causes of, clinical course of, treatment options for, outcomes of, and associated conditions of SCAD and the many persistent knowledge gaps are presented.
Keywords: AHA Scientific Statements; coronary artery dissection, spontaneous; fibromuscular dysplasia; myocardial infarction; women.
Conflict of interest statement
The American Heart Association makes every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of an outside relationship or a personal, professional, or business interest of a member of the writing panel. Specifically, all members of the writing group are required to complete and submit a Disclosure Questionnaire showing all such relationships that might be perceived as real or potential conflicts of interest.
© 2018 American Heart Association, Inc.
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Source: PubMed