Acupuncture for adults with overactive bladder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Yuwei Zhao, Jing Zhou, Qian Mo, Yang Wang, Jinna Yu, Zhishun Liu, Yuwei Zhao, Jing Zhou, Qian Mo, Yang Wang, Jinna Yu, Zhishun Liu

Abstract

Background: Overactive bladder is stated as the occurrence of urinary urgency which will cause negative impacts and decrease patients' health-related quality of life. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the efficiency and safety of acupuncture for adults with overactive bladder (OAB) comparing with sham-acupuncture, drugs, and acupuncture plus drugs.

Methods: We independently searched 9 databases from beginning to August 15, 2017. Two writers extracted data at the same time independently. Study outcomes were calculated by standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and mean difference (MD) with 95% CIs.

Results: Ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 794 patients were included in this systematic review. The combined results showed that electroacupuncture (EA) may be more effective than sham electroacupuncture (sham EA) in improving the 24-hour nocturia episodes and EA may enhance tolterodine for relieving voiding symptoms and enhancing patients' quality of life. However, more trials with high quality and larger sample sizes will be needed in the future to provide sufficient evidence. Only 15 of 794 OAB patients from the included studies reported mild adverse reactions related to EA, therefore, acupuncture is safe for treating OAB.

Conclusion: Acupuncture might have effect in decreasing the number of micturition episodes, incontinence episodes, and nocturia episodes. However, the evidence is insufficient to show the effect using acupuncture alone or the additional effect to drugs in treating OAB.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study flow diagram.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The assessment of the risk of bias.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The effect of electroacupuncture versus sham electroacupuncture on the 24-hour micturition episodes (a forest plot using the random model).
Figure 4
Figure 4
The effect of electroacupuncture versus sham electroacupuncture on the 24-hour urgency episodes (a forest plot using the fixed model).
Figure 5
Figure 5
The effect of electroacupuncture versus sham electroacupuncture on the 24-hour nocturia episodes (a forest plot using the fixed model).
Figure 6
Figure 6
The effect of electroacupuncture versus sham electroacupuncture on the 24-hour incontinence episodes (a forest plot using the random model).
Figure 7
Figure 7
The effect of acupuncture plus drugs versus the same drugs on the 24-hour micturition episodes (a forest plot using the random model).
Figure 8
Figure 8
The effect of acupuncture plus drugs versus the same drugs on the number of 24-hour incontinence episodes (a forest plot using the fixed model).
Figure 9
Figure 9
The effect of acupuncture plus drugs versus the same drugs on the MCC (a forest plot using the random model).
Figure 10
Figure 10
The effect of acupuncture plus drugs versus the same drugs on the 24-hour micturition volume (a forest plot using the random model).
Figure 11
Figure 11
The effect of acupuncture plus drugs versus the same drugs on quality of life (a forest plot using the fixed model).

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Source: PubMed

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