Ovarian cancer statistics, 2018

Abstract

In 2018, there will be approximately 22,240 new cases of ovarian cancer diagnosed and 14,070 ovarian cancer deaths in the United States. Herein, the American Cancer Society provides an overview of ovarian cancer occurrence based on incidence data from nationwide population-based cancer registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. The status of early detection strategies is also reviewed. In the United States, the overall ovarian cancer incidence rate declined from 1985 (16.6 per 100,000) to 2014 (11.8 per 100,000) by 29% and the mortality rate declined between 1976 (10.0 per 100,000) and 2015 (6.7 per 100,000) by 33%. Ovarian cancer encompasses a heterogenous group of malignancies that vary in etiology, molecular biology, and numerous other characteristics. Ninety percent of ovarian cancers are epithelial, the most common being serous carcinoma, for which incidence is highest in non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) (5.2 per 100,000) and lowest in non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) and Asians/Pacific Islanders (APIs) (3.4 per 100,000). Notably, however, APIs have the highest incidence of endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas, which occur at younger ages and help explain comparable epithelial cancer incidence for APIs and NHWs younger than 55 years. Most serous carcinomas are diagnosed at stage III (51%) or IV (29%), for which the 5-year cause-specific survival for patients diagnosed during 2007 through 2013 was 42% and 26%, respectively. For all stages of epithelial cancer combined, 5-year survival is highest in APIs (57%) and lowest in NHBs (35%), who have the lowest survival for almost every stage of diagnosis across cancer subtypes. Moreover, survival has plateaued in NHBs for decades despite increasing in NHWs, from 40% for cases diagnosed during 1992 through 1994 to 47% during 2007 through 2013. Progress in reducing ovarian cancer incidence and mortality can be accelerated by reducing racial disparities and furthering knowledge of etiology and tumorigenesis to facilitate strategies for prevention and early detection. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:284-296. © 2018 American Cancer Society.

Keywords: epidemiology; epithelial ovarian cancers; health disparities; ovarian neoplasms.

© 2018 American Cancer Society.

Figures

Figure 1. Ovarian Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates* by Race and Ethnicity†, US, 2010–2014

*Per 100,000, age adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. †Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; blacks, American Indians/Alaska Natives, and Asian/Pacific Islanders include those of Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin. Sources Incidence: NAACCR, 2017. Mortality: US mortality data, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017. Data for American Indians/Alaska Natives are based on Contract Health Service Delivery Area (CHSDA) counties.

Figure 2. Age-adjusted Ovarian Cancer Delay-adjusted Incidence and Mortality Rates* by Age Group and Race/ethnicity, 1975–2015

*Per 100,000, age adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Incidence rates are three-year moving averages. Note: American Indians/Alaska Natives not pictured due to

Figure 3. Distribution (%) of Ovarian Cancer Cases* by Major Subtype and Race/ethnicity, 2010–2014

*Data are based on microscopically confirmed cases. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; Asian/Pacific Islanders and American Indians/Alaska Natives include those of Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin. † Data for American Indians/Alaska Natives are based on Contract Health Service Delivery Area (CHSDA) counties. Source: NAACCR, 2017.

Figure 4. Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Incidence Rates* by Age, Race/ethnicity, and Histology, US, 2010–2014

*Per 100,000, age adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Rates based on

Figure 5. AJCC* Stage Distribution (%) for Ovarian Cancer by Histology, US, 2007–2013

*6th edition Source: SEER 18 Registries, National Cancer Institute, 2017.

Figure 6. Non-epithelial Ovarian Cancer Incidence Rates* by Age, Race/ethnicity, and Histology, US, 2010–2014

*Per 100,000, age adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Rates based on