Passive smoking in babies: the BIBE study (Brief Intervention in babies. Effectiveness)

Guadalupe Ortega, Cristina Castellà, Carlos Martín-Cantera, Jose L Ballvé, Estela Díaz, Marc Saez, Juan Lozano, Lourdes Rofes, Concepció Morera, Antònia Barceló, Carmen Cabezas, Jose A Pascual, Raúl Pérez-Ortuño, Esteve Saltó, Araceli Valverde, Mireia Jané, BIBE Study Group, Maria Dolores Martínez Gracia, Rosa Gloria Jove Dolcet, Yolanda Pascual Arrazola, Laura Lanaspa Serrano, M Jesús Fernández Galán, Maria Adelina Albana Mola, Mercè Lozano Vergara, Dolors Macià Penella, Ramon Capdevila Bert, Mireia Biosca Pàmies, Maria Encarnación Domènech Bonilla, Núria Yolanda Palencia Prats, Olga Diez Zaera, Susana Pérez Osuna, Maria Luisa Moreno Gonzalez, Maria Pilar Salillas Larruy, Laura Comabella Alzuria, Carles Gatius Tonda, Silvia Prado Muñoz, Amparo Blanch Guillen, Mercè Giribet Folch, Maria Carmen Cañameras Serrado, Julia Jové Naval, Maria Belen Garriga Figueres, Maria Del Mar Bafalluy Melé, Ramon Anguera Farran, Mercè Pollina Pocallet, Maria Mercè Segura i Serra, Maria Dolors Andreu Duat, Laura Marimon Gabernet, Rosa-Nicolasa Masot Recha, Lidia Sanz Borrell, Jaume Andreu Jornet, Elena Roselló Cavallé, Núria Sanz Manrique, Margarida Borràs Martorell, Susana Vidal Piedra, Isabel M Canovas Garcia, Susana Gil Mancha, Raquel Morales Mora, Maria Domingo Fuster, Montserrat Pérez Pérez, Virginia Buj Dell'Abate, Montserrat Bosch Seró, Ana Maria Marín Pellicer, Enriqueta Lorente Ten, Àngels Vidal Tomàs, Isabel Soler Galera, Ana Reyes Curto, Rosalia Bocanegra Capilla, Lola Alcañiz Rodríguez, Maria Pilar Machado Solanas, Amparo Boix Fonollosa, Francisco Jose Sanchis, Morales Gabriela Ricomá Castellarnau, Anabel Salazar García, Rosa M Olivé Vilella, Núria Mélich Teruel, Maria Isabel Noguera Vilà, Francesc Bobé Armant, Montserrat Ferré Guri, Antonieta Albareda Puig, M Carmen Fontgivell Yeste, Eva Maria Esteruelas Alvarez, Mey-Lan Hernàndez Lau, Diana Marcela López Cubillos, Aroa Baudoin García, Maria Otilia Rodriguez Canals, Rosa Maria López Fraile, Susana Mora Herrera, Irene Gómez Pérez, Jaume Miquel Salsas, Maria del Roser Bautista Castells, Sònia Ponce López, Emili Marques Soler, Susana Nadela Lapeira, Gracia Garcia Bernal, Miquel Navarro Robles, Elvira Dealbert Ramos, Maria Josefa López Sánchez, Maria Guadalupe Vélez Cervera, Joaquima Serrat Trias, Gustavo Daniel Egües Cachau, M Angels Bosch Juscafresa, Marta Bustins Pastoret, Anna Coll i Nogué, Liannet Estrada Fernandez, Isabel Mascaró Casanovas, Meritxell Parés Rodà, Isabel Pelegrin López, Maria Dolores Gonzalez Forcadell, Marta Mas Parareda, Montserrat Armangué Marquez, Anna Fàbrega Riera, Noemi Roura Merino, Maria Lluïsa Ribas Casals, Montserrat Mallol Guisset, Isabel Bentué Dabau, Antonia Ramirez Prados, Gemma Vila Buch, Rosa Blanca Cortés, Marina Anna Moyà Martínez, Immaculada Jou Solés, Silvia Mir Mercader, Joana Casellas Garcia, Josefina Aleñà Torrent, Iratxe Olabegoya Estrela, Sonia Farran Farré, Alexandre Harb Birani, Ester Masó Monells, Roser Teixidor Feliu, Imma Sau Giralt, Maria Antonia Sabench Suriñach, Eugenia del Valle Olmos Sanchez, Nuria Rosell Soler, Maria Josep Bernat Lopez, M Angels Tarrés Gol, Rosa M Soler Vila, Pilar Oria Floria, Esther Guardia Gil, M Angels Peris Morancho, Antoni Crous Xaubet, Pilar Ma Esteras Casanova, Lucelly Gómez García, Miriam Pascual Jiménez, Maria Mercè Vilallonga Fàbregas, Mercè Llopis Cantons, Carlos Moreno Meregalli, Silvia Mas Esteller, Raúl Porras, Montse Porto Turiel, Maria Angels Beneitez, Lázaro, Mónica de Luna Navarro, Maria Asunción Gotzens Busquet, Esther Moral Ramirez, Eulàlia Planas Sanz, Elisabeth Reverter Garcia, Verónica Villarejo Romero, M Àngels Chicano Picornell, Esther Moral Ramirez, Eulàlia Planas Sanz, Elisabeth Reverter Garcia, Verónica Villarejo Romero, M Àngels Chicano Picornell, Elena Borlan Agüero, M Luisa de Pablo Pons, Silvia López Merchena, Dolors Canadell Villaret, Núria Vilardebò Lucas, Sílvia Fust, Montserrat Pasarisas Sala, Aurora Lombó Vega, M Lourdes Sans Estrada, Andrea Finestres Parra, Mireia Sierra Alegret, Rosa Maria Casademont Pou, Maria Esther Martínez García, Ivan Martí Garcia, Alícia Portella Serra, Rosa Minguell Cos, Carmen Serrano Barahon, Maria Isabel Jiménez García, Marta Franquesa Ibáñez, Montserrat Lloveras Viñals, Montserrat Sánchez Bonet, Lucila Caridad Davidovich, Maria Mercedes Roqueta del Riego, Araceli García García, Marta de Quixano Burgos, Maria Carmen Ruiz Salido, Sara Rosell Salas, Francisca Peidró Martín, Cristina Vivas Brau, M Eugenia Sanchez López, Cristina Bonaventura Sans, Alicia Gámiz Gala, Maria del Pilar Cortés Viana, Consol Méndez Vallejos, Maria Castells Icart, Maria Pilar Olba Ros, Maria Teresa Garcia Fructuoso, Inmaculada Farré Ortega, Anna Guimet Villalba, Núria Baraza Ramos, Ana Maria Embid García, Meritxell Aivar Blanch, Rosa Maria Garcia Andrade, José Enrique Andrés Roldán, Milsa Josefa Cobas Selva, Blanca Inmaculada Macías Cajal, Marta Vicente Rodríguez, Sílvia Díaz Arcos, Claudia Pérez Gotarda, Josep Antonio Serrano Marchuet Zeki, Babà Moadem Montserrat, Alsina Freixa Rosa, Maria Pérez Polo, Elisabeth Celemin Garriga, Maria Gemma Baulies Romero, Maria Mercedes Gámez González, Mireia Gallardo Díaz, Marta Pujol Armengol, Núria Bartrés Canet, Verónica Ferrer Valls, Mercedes Pérez Vera, Maria Remedios Montes Velayos, Lucia Mónica Cano, López Maria del Carmen Muñoz Duque, Eva Mon López, Maria Amparo Fernández Feijoo, Antonio Gomez Navarro, Eva María Pacheco Navas, Aurora López Galán, Anna Rosa Casado Sivera, Josefina Castillo Hidalgo, Rosa Maria Martinez Rubió, Marta Chuecos Molina, Estíbaliz Molina Gallego, Raquel Garreta Martín, Esther Caraballo Prieto, Maria Concepció Cortés Rivera, Francisco Javier Farré López, Inmaculada Moreno Royo, Aurora Mola Sanna, Maria de las Mercedes Blanco Cardona, Maria Angels Viader Olivilla, Cecília Crusats Jiménez, Ana Maria Hostalot Abás, Concepcion Muñoz Racero, Maria Dolores Bielsa Murillo, Laia Parron Lagunas, Àngela Martínez Picó, Maria Mercedes Garcia Drago, Angelina Garcia Moreno, Maria Cristina López Roca, Olga Fernández Fernández, Maria Irene Rodrigo Bravo, Maria Dolors Panadés Mas, Mireia Diaz Docon, Montserrat Márquez Ruiz, Ana Villanueva Puerto, Maria Jesús Avila Villalón, Maria Pilar Sola Sola, M Victoria Valls Ibáñez, Maria Pilar Gonzalvo Pueyo, Anna Sánchez García, Encarnación Fernández Férez, Mercedes Ramia Estaún, Maria Teresa Gutierrez García, Luisa Maria Angeles López Hernández, Maria José Torregrosa Bertet, Ramona Ortiz López, Anna Vilaro Carulla, Itziar Martín Ibáñez, Luisa Pretel Ordoñez, Rosa Maria Garrido Herrador, Maria Angeles Crespo Garcia, Africa Raventós Canet, Rebeca Sarrat Torres, Estebana Mendoza Egea, Montserrat Lozano Saló, Josep Maria Roquer Gonzalez, Mercedes Gómez Fernández, Rosa Maria Beringues Sorbías, M Mercè Grau Fernàndez, Laura Enguix Martínez, Mercedes García Ortiz, Anna Vilalta Freixa, Gemma Martinez Galvez, María Ester de la Fuente Requena, Ana Pereira Leiva, Montserrat Antúnez Xaus, Anna Maria Serra Palá, Francisco José Molina Jiménez, Maria Mercè Aubanell Serra, Ana Maria Pol Pons, Ma Esmeralda Marrodan Herrero, Gemma Puig Lara, Maria Julia Rodríguez Martínez, Maria Jesús Llobera Bauzá, M Trinidad Hidalgo Benavides, Concepción García Pelaez, Irene Rovira Avellaneda, Montserrat Piñol Marce, Amadora Moral Martos, Yolanda Font Casas, Maria Teresa Joval Cepriá, Montserrat Martínez Marzal, Juana Maria Pérez Llamas, Nydia Fernanda Cabrera Alonso, Maria Nieves Sales Jiménez, Jesus Bernad Suarez, Marian Llussà Arboix, Carla Benedicto Pañell, Melcior Marti, i Fàbregas, Mireia Boquet Martínez, Guadalupe Ortega, Cristina Castellà, Carlos Martín-Cantera, Jose L Ballvé, Estela Díaz, Marc Saez, Juan Lozano, Lourdes Rofes, Concepció Morera, Antònia Barceló, Carmen Cabezas, Jose A Pascual, Raúl Pérez-Ortuño, Esteve Saltó, Araceli Valverde, Mireia Jané, BIBE Study Group, Maria Dolores Martínez Gracia, Rosa Gloria Jove Dolcet, Yolanda Pascual Arrazola, Laura Lanaspa Serrano, M Jesús Fernández Galán, Maria Adelina Albana Mola, Mercè Lozano Vergara, Dolors Macià Penella, Ramon Capdevila Bert, Mireia Biosca Pàmies, Maria Encarnación Domènech Bonilla, Núria Yolanda Palencia Prats, Olga Diez Zaera, Susana Pérez Osuna, Maria Luisa Moreno Gonzalez, Maria Pilar Salillas Larruy, Laura Comabella Alzuria, Carles Gatius Tonda, Silvia Prado Muñoz, Amparo Blanch Guillen, Mercè Giribet Folch, Maria Carmen Cañameras Serrado, Julia Jové Naval, Maria Belen Garriga Figueres, Maria Del Mar Bafalluy Melé, Ramon Anguera Farran, Mercè Pollina Pocallet, Maria Mercè Segura i Serra, Maria Dolors Andreu Duat, Laura Marimon Gabernet, Rosa-Nicolasa Masot Recha, Lidia Sanz Borrell, Jaume Andreu Jornet, Elena Roselló Cavallé, Núria Sanz Manrique, Margarida Borràs Martorell, Susana Vidal Piedra, Isabel M Canovas Garcia, Susana Gil Mancha, Raquel Morales Mora, Maria Domingo Fuster, Montserrat Pérez Pérez, Virginia Buj Dell'Abate, Montserrat Bosch Seró, Ana Maria Marín Pellicer, Enriqueta Lorente Ten, Àngels Vidal Tomàs, Isabel Soler Galera, Ana Reyes Curto, Rosalia Bocanegra Capilla, Lola Alcañiz Rodríguez, Maria Pilar Machado Solanas, Amparo Boix Fonollosa, Francisco Jose Sanchis, Morales Gabriela Ricomá Castellarnau, Anabel Salazar García, Rosa M Olivé Vilella, Núria Mélich Teruel, Maria Isabel Noguera Vilà, Francesc Bobé Armant, Montserrat Ferré Guri, Antonieta Albareda Puig, M Carmen Fontgivell Yeste, Eva Maria Esteruelas Alvarez, Mey-Lan Hernàndez Lau, Diana Marcela López Cubillos, Aroa Baudoin García, Maria Otilia Rodriguez Canals, Rosa Maria López Fraile, Susana Mora Herrera, Irene Gómez Pérez, Jaume Miquel Salsas, Maria del Roser Bautista Castells, Sònia Ponce López, Emili Marques Soler, Susana Nadela Lapeira, Gracia Garcia Bernal, Miquel Navarro Robles, Elvira Dealbert Ramos, Maria Josefa López Sánchez, Maria Guadalupe Vélez Cervera, Joaquima Serrat Trias, Gustavo Daniel Egües Cachau, M Angels Bosch Juscafresa, Marta Bustins Pastoret, Anna Coll i Nogué, Liannet Estrada Fernandez, Isabel Mascaró Casanovas, Meritxell Parés Rodà, Isabel Pelegrin López, Maria Dolores Gonzalez Forcadell, Marta Mas Parareda, Montserrat Armangué Marquez, Anna Fàbrega Riera, Noemi Roura Merino, Maria Lluïsa Ribas Casals, Montserrat Mallol Guisset, Isabel Bentué Dabau, Antonia Ramirez Prados, Gemma Vila Buch, Rosa Blanca Cortés, Marina Anna Moyà Martínez, Immaculada Jou Solés, Silvia Mir Mercader, Joana Casellas Garcia, Josefina Aleñà Torrent, Iratxe Olabegoya Estrela, Sonia Farran Farré, Alexandre Harb Birani, Ester Masó Monells, Roser Teixidor Feliu, Imma Sau Giralt, Maria Antonia Sabench Suriñach, Eugenia del Valle Olmos Sanchez, Nuria Rosell Soler, Maria Josep Bernat Lopez, M Angels Tarrés Gol, Rosa M Soler Vila, Pilar Oria Floria, Esther Guardia Gil, M Angels Peris Morancho, Antoni Crous Xaubet, Pilar Ma Esteras Casanova, Lucelly Gómez García, Miriam Pascual Jiménez, Maria Mercè Vilallonga Fàbregas, Mercè Llopis Cantons, Carlos Moreno Meregalli, Silvia Mas Esteller, Raúl Porras, Montse Porto Turiel, Maria Angels Beneitez, Lázaro, Mónica de Luna Navarro, Maria Asunción Gotzens Busquet, Esther Moral Ramirez, Eulàlia Planas Sanz, Elisabeth Reverter Garcia, Verónica Villarejo Romero, M Àngels Chicano Picornell, Esther Moral Ramirez, Eulàlia Planas Sanz, Elisabeth Reverter Garcia, Verónica Villarejo Romero, M Àngels Chicano Picornell, Elena Borlan Agüero, M Luisa de Pablo Pons, Silvia López Merchena, Dolors Canadell Villaret, Núria Vilardebò Lucas, Sílvia Fust, Montserrat Pasarisas Sala, Aurora Lombó Vega, M Lourdes Sans Estrada, Andrea Finestres Parra, Mireia Sierra Alegret, Rosa Maria Casademont Pou, Maria Esther Martínez García, Ivan Martí Garcia, Alícia Portella Serra, Rosa Minguell Cos, Carmen Serrano Barahon, Maria Isabel Jiménez García, Marta Franquesa Ibáñez, Montserrat Lloveras Viñals, Montserrat Sánchez Bonet, Lucila Caridad Davidovich, Maria Mercedes Roqueta del Riego, Araceli García García, Marta de Quixano Burgos, Maria Carmen Ruiz Salido, Sara Rosell Salas, Francisca Peidró Martín, Cristina Vivas Brau, M Eugenia Sanchez López, Cristina Bonaventura Sans, Alicia Gámiz Gala, Maria del Pilar Cortés Viana, Consol Méndez Vallejos, Maria Castells Icart, Maria Pilar Olba Ros, Maria Teresa Garcia Fructuoso, Inmaculada Farré Ortega, Anna Guimet Villalba, Núria Baraza Ramos, Ana Maria Embid García, Meritxell Aivar Blanch, Rosa Maria Garcia Andrade, José Enrique Andrés Roldán, Milsa Josefa Cobas Selva, Blanca Inmaculada Macías Cajal, Marta Vicente Rodríguez, Sílvia Díaz Arcos, Claudia Pérez Gotarda, Josep Antonio Serrano Marchuet Zeki, Babà Moadem Montserrat, Alsina Freixa Rosa, Maria Pérez Polo, Elisabeth Celemin Garriga, Maria Gemma Baulies Romero, Maria Mercedes Gámez González, Mireia Gallardo Díaz, Marta Pujol Armengol, Núria Bartrés Canet, Verónica Ferrer Valls, Mercedes Pérez Vera, Maria Remedios Montes Velayos, Lucia Mónica Cano, López Maria del Carmen Muñoz Duque, Eva Mon López, Maria Amparo Fernández Feijoo, Antonio Gomez Navarro, Eva María Pacheco Navas, Aurora López Galán, Anna Rosa Casado Sivera, Josefina Castillo Hidalgo, Rosa Maria Martinez Rubió, Marta Chuecos Molina, Estíbaliz Molina Gallego, Raquel Garreta Martín, Esther Caraballo Prieto, Maria Concepció Cortés Rivera, Francisco Javier Farré López, Inmaculada Moreno Royo, Aurora Mola Sanna, Maria de las Mercedes Blanco Cardona, Maria Angels Viader Olivilla, Cecília Crusats Jiménez, Ana Maria Hostalot Abás, Concepcion Muñoz Racero, Maria Dolores Bielsa Murillo, Laia Parron Lagunas, Àngela Martínez Picó, Maria Mercedes Garcia Drago, Angelina Garcia Moreno, Maria Cristina López Roca, Olga Fernández Fernández, Maria Irene Rodrigo Bravo, Maria Dolors Panadés Mas, Mireia Diaz Docon, Montserrat Márquez Ruiz, Ana Villanueva Puerto, Maria Jesús Avila Villalón, Maria Pilar Sola Sola, M Victoria Valls Ibáñez, Maria Pilar Gonzalvo Pueyo, Anna Sánchez García, Encarnación Fernández Férez, Mercedes Ramia Estaún, Maria Teresa Gutierrez García, Luisa Maria Angeles López Hernández, Maria José Torregrosa Bertet, Ramona Ortiz López, Anna Vilaro Carulla, Itziar Martín Ibáñez, Luisa Pretel Ordoñez, Rosa Maria Garrido Herrador, Maria Angeles Crespo Garcia, Africa Raventós Canet, Rebeca Sarrat Torres, Estebana Mendoza Egea, Montserrat Lozano Saló, Josep Maria Roquer Gonzalez, Mercedes Gómez Fernández, Rosa Maria Beringues Sorbías, M Mercè Grau Fernàndez, Laura Enguix Martínez, Mercedes García Ortiz, Anna Vilalta Freixa, Gemma Martinez Galvez, María Ester de la Fuente Requena, Ana Pereira Leiva, Montserrat Antúnez Xaus, Anna Maria Serra Palá, Francisco José Molina Jiménez, Maria Mercè Aubanell Serra, Ana Maria Pol Pons, Ma Esmeralda Marrodan Herrero, Gemma Puig Lara, Maria Julia Rodríguez Martínez, Maria Jesús Llobera Bauzá, M Trinidad Hidalgo Benavides, Concepción García Pelaez, Irene Rovira Avellaneda, Montserrat Piñol Marce, Amadora Moral Martos, Yolanda Font Casas, Maria Teresa Joval Cepriá, Montserrat Martínez Marzal, Juana Maria Pérez Llamas, Nydia Fernanda Cabrera Alonso, Maria Nieves Sales Jiménez, Jesus Bernad Suarez, Marian Llussà Arboix, Carla Benedicto Pañell, Melcior Marti, i Fàbregas, Mireia Boquet Martínez

Abstract

Background: There is evidence that exposure to passive smoking in general, and in babies in particular, is an important cause of morbimortality. Passive smoking is related to an increased risk of pediatric diseases such as sudden death syndrome, acute respiratory diseases, worsening of asthma, acute-chronic middle ear disease and slowing of lung growth.The objective of this article is to describe the BIBE study protocol. The BIBE study aims to determine the effectiveness of a brief intervention within the context of Primary Care, directed to mothers and fathers that smoke, in order to reduce the exposure of babies to passive smoking (ETS).

Methods/design: Cluster randomized field trial (control and intervention group), multicentric and open.

Subject: Fathers and/or mothers who are smokers and their babies (under 18 months) that attend pediatric services in Primary Care in Catalonia.The measurements will be taken at three points in time, in each of the fathers and/or mothers who respond to a questionnaire regarding their baby's clinical background and characteristics of the baby's exposure, together with variables related to the parents' tobacco consumption. A hair sample of the baby will be taken at the beginning of the study and at six months after the initial visit (biological determination of nicotine). The intervention group will apply a brief intervention in passive smoking after specific training and the control group will apply the habitual care.

Discussion: Exposure to ETS is an avoidable factor related to infant morbimortality. Interventions to reduce exposure to ETS in babies are potentially beneficial for their health.The BIBE study evaluates an intervention to reduce exposure to ETS that takes advantage of pediatric visits. Interventions in the form of advice, conducted by pediatric professionals, are an excellent opportunity for prevention and protection of infants against the harmful effects of ETS.

Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT00788996.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the BIBE study. Diagram and flow chart of the BIBE study.

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Source: PubMed

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