Bite Force Transducers and Measurement Devices

Yingzhi Gu, Yuxing Bai, Xianju Xie, Yingzhi Gu, Yuxing Bai, Xianju Xie

Abstract

In dental research, bite force has become an important curative effect evaluation index for tooth restoration, periodontal treatment, and orthodontic treatment. Bite force is an important parameter to evaluate the efficacy of the masticatory system. Physicians obtain the therapeutic basis for occlusal adjustment by measuring the bite force and the dynamic changes in occlusal contact at different stages of treatment and objectively evaluate the therapeutic effect. At present, many devices are used to record the bite force. Most of these devices use force transducers to detect bite force, such as strain gauge transducers, piezoresistive transducers, piezoelectric transducers, optical fiber transducers, and pressure-sensitive films. This article summarizes the various equipment used to record bite force, related materials and the characteristics of this equipment. It provides a reference for physicians to make choices during the clinical process and at the same time provides a basis for the development of new occlusal force measurement materials.

Keywords: bite force; bite force device; force measurement; force transducer; masticatory system.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Copyright © 2021 Gu, Bai and Xie.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Commonly used piezoresistive sensors for bite force measurement. (A) An illustrative figure of the FSR 151 (Interlink Electronics Inc., Camarillo, CA, United States) sensor. (B) An illustrative figure showing the construction of the FSR151 sensor, consisting of two thermoplastic plastic sheets. Two conductive electrodes crossing each other are embedded on the bottom sheet, and semiconductive polyetherimide ink is coated on the top sheet. (C) An illustrative figure of the Flexiforce (Tekscan, South Boston, MA, United States) sensor.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Illustrative figure of the T Scan system (Tekscan, Inc., South Boston, MA, United States) sensor and Dental Prescale system film. (A) A T-scan sensor is shaped to fit the dental arch. There are control buttons on the handpiece, which is convenient for doctors to operate. (B) A dental prescale system film is shaped to fit the dental arch. (C) The dental prescale system film is comprised of two polyethylene terephthalate films and many microcapsules containing color-forming materials between them. When the bite force is applied, the microcapsules collapse, and the color former contained in the capsule leaks out to react with the developer and form a red color.

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