Primary osteoporosis in postmenopausal women

Meng-Xia Ji, Qi Yu, Meng-Xia Ji, Qi Yu

No abstract available

Keywords: Menopause; Menopause hormone therapy; Mineral density; Osteoporotic fracture; Primary osteoporosis.

References

    1. Sapre S., Thakur R. Lifestyle and dietary factors determine age at natural menopause. J Mid-life Health. 2014;5:3.
    1. Sandhu S.K., Hampson G. The pathogenesis, diagnosis, investigation and management of osteoporosis. J Clin Pathol. 2011;64:1042–1050.
    1. Kanis J.A., Melton L.J., 3rd, Christiansen C., Johnston C.C., Khaltaev N. The diagnosis of osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res. 1994 Aug;9:1137–1141.
    1. Greendale G.A., Sowers M.F., Han W. Bone mineral density loss in relation to the final menstrual period in a multiethnic cohort: results from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) J Bone Miner Res. 2012;27:111–118.
    1. Styrkarsdottir U., Halldorsson B.V., Gretarsdottir S. New sequence variants associated with bone mineral density. Nat Genet. 2009;41:15–17.
    1. Bonjour J.P., Theintz G., Law F., Slosman D., Rizzoli R. Peak bone mass. Osteoporos Int. 1994;4:7–13.
    1. Bonjour J.P., Chevalley T., Ferrari S., Rizzoli R. The importance and relevance of peak bone mass in the prevalence of osteoporosis. Salud Publica Mex. 2009;51:S5–S17.
    1. Lerner U.H. Bone remodeling in post-menopausal osteoporosis. J Dent Res. 2006;85:584–595.
    1. Lewiecki E.M. Prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Obstet Gynecol Clin N Am. 2008;35:301–315.
    1. Bartl R., Frisch B. Springer-Verlag; Berlin Heidelberg: 2009. Osteoporosi: Diagnosis, Prevention, Therapy; pp. 119–124.
    1. Rogers A., Saleh G., Hannon R.A., Greenfield D., Eastell R. Circulating estradiol and osteoprotegerin as determinants of bone turnover and bone density in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:4470–4475.
    1. Garnero P., Sornay-Rendu E., Duboeuf F., Delmas P.D. Markers of bone turnover predict postmenopausal forearm bone loss over 4 years: the OFELY study. J Bone Miner Res. 1999;14:1614–1621.
    1. Cooper C., Cole Z.A., Holroyd C.R. Secular trends in the incidence of hip and other osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int. 2011;22:1277–1288.
    1. Cauley J.A. Public health impact of osteoporosis. J Gerontol Series A: Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013;68:1243–1251.
    1. Johnell O. The socioeconomic burden of fractures: today and in the 21st century. Am J Med. 1997;103:S20–S26.
    1. Nguyen N.D., Ahlborg H.G., Center J.R., Eisman J.A., Nguyen T.V. Residual lifetime risk of fractures in women and men. J Bone Miner Res. 2007;22:781–788.
    1. Cawthon P.M. Gender differences in osteoporosis and fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2011;469:1900–1905.
    1. Burge R., Dawson-Hughes B., Solomon D.H., Wong J.B., King A., Tosteson A. Incidence and economic burden of osteoporosis-related fractures in the United States, 2005-2025. J Bone Miner Res. 2007;22:465–475.
    1. Cauley J.A. Defining ethnic and racial differences in osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2011;469:1891–1899.
    1. Ya-jun Han, Xiao-jia Tie, Tuoheti Yilihamu. Meta-analysis on the prevalence rate of osteoporosis in the middle-aged and elderly in China. Chin J Tissue Eng Res. 2014;18:1129–1134.
    1. Wells G., Tugwell P., Shea B. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of hormone replacement therapy in treating and preventing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Endocr Rev. 2002;23:529–539.
    1. Lindsay R., Gallagher J.C., Kleerekoper M., Pickar J.H. Effect of lower doses of conjugated equineestrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone in early postmenopausal women. JAMA. 2002;287:2668–2676.
    1. Torgerson D.J., Bell-Syer S.E.M. Hormone replacement therapy and prevention of nonvertebral fractures: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA. 2001;285:2891–2897.
    1. Cauley J.A., Robbins J., Chen Z. Effects of estrogen plus progestin on risk of fracture and bone mineral density: the Women's Health Initiative randomized trial. JAMA. 2003;290:1729–1738.
    1. Cummings S.R., Ettinger B., Delmas P.D. The effects of tibolone in older postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:697–708.
    1. Wasnich R.D., Bagger Y.Z., Hosking D.J. Changes in bone density and turnover after alendronate or estrogen withdrawal. Menopause. 2004;11(6 Pt1):622–630.
    1. Hodis H.N., Mack W.J. Hormone replacement therapy and the association with coronary heart disease and overall mortality: clinical application of the timing hypothesis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2014;142:68–75.
    1. Schierbeck L.L., Rejnmark L., Tofteng C.L. Effect of hormone replacement therapy on cardiovascular events in recently postmenopausal women: randomised trial. BMJ. 2012:345.
    1. The Chinese menopause society Guidelines of hormone replacement therapy in menopause transition period and post menopause period (2009) Chin J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;45:26–28.
    1. Cole Z., Dennison E., Cooper C. Update on the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Br Med Bull. 2008;86:129–143.

Source: PubMed

3
订阅