Diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose in ART-naïve patients with HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-1/2 dual infection in Guinea-Bissau: a cross-sectional study
Ditte Steiniche, Sanne Jespersen, Christian Erikstrup, Henrik Krarup, Aase Handberg, Lars Østergaard, Thorny Haraldsdottir, Candida Medina, Faustino Gomes Correira, Alex Lund Laursen, Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen, Christian Wejse, Bo Langhoff Hønge, Bissau HIV Cohort study group, Amabelia Rodrigues, David da Silva, Zacarias da Silva, Candida Medina, Ines Oliviera-Souto, Lars Østergaard, Alex Laursen, Sanne Jespersen, Peter Aaby, Anders Fomsgaard, Christian Erikstrup, Bo Langhoff Hønge, Christian Wejse, Ditte Steiniche, Sanne Jespersen, Christian Erikstrup, Henrik Krarup, Aase Handberg, Lars Østergaard, Thorny Haraldsdottir, Candida Medina, Faustino Gomes Correira, Alex Lund Laursen, Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen, Christian Wejse, Bo Langhoff Hønge, Bissau HIV Cohort study group, Amabelia Rodrigues, David da Silva, Zacarias da Silva, Candida Medina, Ines Oliviera-Souto, Lars Østergaard, Alex Laursen, Sanne Jespersen, Peter Aaby, Anders Fomsgaard, Christian Erikstrup, Bo Langhoff Hønge, Christian Wejse
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is expected to increase in sub-Saharan Africa. Patients with HIV are at particular risk. We investigated the DM burden among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patients with HIV in Guinea-Bissau.
Methods: Patients were consecutively included. Demographic and lifestyle data were collected and one fasting blood glucose (FBG) measurement was used to diagnose DM (FBG≥7.0 mmol/L) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (FBG≥6.1 and <7.0 mmol/L).
Results: By June 2015, 953 newly diagnosed ART-naïve patients with HIV had been included in the study of whom 893 (93.7%) were fasting at the time of inclusion. Median age among the fasting patients was 37 years (IQR 30-46 years) and 562 (62.9%) were women. The prevalence of DM was 5.8% (52/893) while 5.6% (50/893) had IFG. DM was associated with family history of DM (OR 3.92, 95% CI 1.78 to 8.63), being 41-50 years (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.18 to 7.49) or older than 50 years (OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.09 to 9.07) and Fula ethnicity (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.12 to 6.62).
Conclusions: DM prevalence was higher among younger patients compared with the background population in Bissau. Traditional risk factors for DM such as advancing age and a family history of DM apply also for ART-naïve patients with HIV.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Guinea-Bissau; HIV; Impaired fasting glucose.
© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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Source: PubMed