Advances in nutritional research on regulatory T-cells

Wooki Kim, Hyungjae Lee, Wooki Kim, Hyungjae Lee

Abstract

Many clinical and animal studies have shown that certain dietary components exert anti-inflammatory properties that aid in the amelioration of chronic inflammatory diseases. Among the various proposed channels through which dietary components affect immune responses, regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are emerging as key targets for the dietary prevention of chronic inflammatory diseases. In this review, immunoregulation by Tregs is briefly described, followed by a summary of recent advances and possible applications of techniques for the study of Tregs. In addition, this review provides an overview of the current knowledge on Treg regulation by certain dietary components, including vitamins, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols. The caveats of previous studies are also discussed in order to highlight the distinctions between dietary studies and immunological approaches. Consequently, this review may help to clarify the means by which nutritional components influence Tregs.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of CD4+ T-cell differentiation and characteristic cytokine production of differentiated subtypes. GALT stands for gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flow cytometric analysis of Tregs by intracellular staining of Foxp3. (A) Lymphocytes are gated by forward scatter (FSC) vs. side scatter (SSC), followed by (B) CD4+ T-cell gating on CD4 and TCRβ. (C) Foxp3+ Tregs gated out of CD4+ TCRβ+ T-cells. The numbers indicate the percentage of the gated cells out of the total number of cells within the plot.

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Source: PubMed

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