Respiratory Quotient and Food Liking, Food Wanting and Food Consumption

Influence of Respiratory Quotient on Food Liking, Food Wanting, Macronutrient Selection and Food Consumption in Humans

The purpose of this study is to observe the influence of carbohydrate-to-fat balance on liking, wanting and food consumption in humans.

16 normal-weight men (age: 23 ± 3 y)had completed a randomized 4-condition crossover study. The sessions differed by the composition of the breakfast which was rich in carbohydrates (HCB), low in carbohydrates (LCB), rich in fat (HFB) and low in fat (LFB). The HCB and HFB contained 2072 kJ, while the LCB and LFB contained 565 kJ. Two hours and 20 min later, energy expenditure (EE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured before olfactory liking for 4 foods items and then ad libitum energy intake (EI) during a snack (sweet and fatty toast) were evaluated.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Obesity
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: food preloads

Detailed Description

In accordance with the carbohydrate-based models of feeding, one may expect that food choices as well as "liking" and "wanting" (the two components of the reward system) could be influenced by glycogen stores and the carbohydrate-to-fat balance. More precisely, one may expect that a high fat oxidation rate could increase liking and wanting carbohydrates to replenish glycogen stores and conversely, that a high carbohydrate oxidation rate could produce the reverse. In order to validate this hypothesis, the present study has been conducted to investigate in humans the influence of the carbohydrate-to-fat oxidation ratio on carbohydrate-to-fat selection and the food reward system.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 16
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• France
  • Dijon, France, 21000
    • Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 40 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Good health
• Absence of medication
• Moderate physical activity (irregular and less than 5 h/wk)
• Low-smoking habit (less than 5 cigarettes/d)
• Normal body mass index (20< BMI <25)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Eating disorders
• Dieting or fasting
• Aversions for the foods offered and elevated 'cognitive restriction of eating' (score ≥ 7) according to the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: Single

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Respiratory quotient	Respiratory quotient is the ratio of CO2 production on oxygen consumption measured in the expiratory flow	6 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
food liking	Food liking is the preference for 4 food items smelt	6 months
food wanting	food wanting is the selection of 4 kind of toasts during a snack	6 months
food consumption	is the amount of food eaten during the snack	6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Burgundy
• Collaborators: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France
• Investigators: Study Director: Luc Penicaud, MD, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Brondel L, Landais L, Romer MA, Holley A, Penicaud L. Substrate oxidation influences liking, wanting, macronutrient selection, and consumption of food in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Sep;94(3):775-83. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.017319. Epub 2011 Jul 27.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: October 1, 2008
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 1, 2009
• Study Completion (Actual): January 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 10, 2010
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 11, 2010
• First Posted (Estimate): May 12, 2010

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 24, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 22, 2017
• Last Verified: August 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: energy intake; energy expenditure; macronutrient selection
• Other Study ID Numbers: ABC123 (Mansoura university); CSGA-AA1234-01 (Registry Identifier: 02052009)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No