Mepo for Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) Study

A Multi-center, Randomized, Double Blind, Parallel-arm, Placebo Controlled Trial of Mepolizumab for Treatment of Adults and Adolescents With Active Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Dysphagia-predominant Symptoms

Multi-center, randomized, double blind, parallel-arm, placebo controlled trial to determine whether mepolizumab is more effective than placebo for improving symptoms of dysphagia and decreasing esophageal eosinophil counts in adults and adolescents with active eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) after an initial 3 month treatment course, and will also assess the impact of an additional 3 months of treatment.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Eosinophilic Esophagitis; EoE
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Mepolizumab 300 mg; Drug: Mepolizumab 100 mg; Other: Placebo

Detailed Description

This is a multi-center, randomized, double blind, parallel-arm, placebo controlled trial of mepolizumab. After the first 3 month blinded phase, there will be a second 3 month blinded phase where all patients receive active medication, but the dose will be lower in the subjects initially randomized to the placebo arm.

In the first arm, subjects will receive mepolizumab 300 mg SQ monthly for 3 months. In the second arm, subjects will receive a placebo SQ injection monthly for 3 months. Both groups will have the injection administered under direct observation in a Clinical & Translational Research Center (CTRC) or other clinic to ensure proper administration and compliance. Each visit will also provide an opportunity for symptom questionnaires to be completed and for blood samples to be drawn. After 3 months (the time point where the primary outcome is assessed), all subjects initially randomized to active treatment will continue with mepolizumab dosing 300 mg SQ monthly, and will remain blinded. All subjects initially randomized to placebo will receive mepolizumab 100mg SQ monthly, and will remain blinded. Of note, no dietary changes, changes in baseline Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) medication dose, changes in inhaled or intranasal steroid doses, or administration or oral, topical/swallowed, or systemic steroids will be allowed during the study period. Subjects will undergo endoscopy after the first blinded phase (at 3 months) and after the second blinded phase (after 6 months).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 66
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60611
      • Northwestern University
  • Minnesota
    • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55446
      • MNGI Digestive Health, P.A.
  • North Carolina
    • Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States, 27599
      • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  • Utah
    • Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84112
      • University of Utah

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 12 years to 71 years (Child, Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 16-75
• Diagnosis of EoE (eosinophilic esophagitis) as per consensus guidelines (including PPI non-response)*
• Active eosinophilia on esophageal biopsy, with a peak count of least 15 EOS/hpf (eosinophils per high power field) from at least one esophageal level.
• Biopsies from the stomach and duodenum that have ruled out alternative etiologies in all children and in adults with abnormal endoscopic findings or when other gastric or small intestinal conditions are clinical possibilities. If these samples have been obtained during a previous endoscopic evaluation and in the judgement of the site-Investigator the patient has not had a clinically significant change that would merit repeat gastric/duodenal biopsies, then prior normal gastric and duodenal biopsies are acceptable to exclude alternate etiologies.
• Active symptoms of dysphagia with more than 3 episodes of dysphagia over a period of 2 weeks during the screening period, and an Eosinophilic Esophagitis Symptom Activity Index (EEsAI; see below for details) score of ≥ 27 at baseline.
• Able to read, comprehend, and sign consent form.
• Have maintained a stable diet for 6 weeks prior to enrollment.
• Able to maintain a stable diet throughout the duration of the study period.

• Female subjects of childbearing potential who have had their first menses agree to use a highly effective method of birth control during the study and for 30 days after the last dose of study drug. Female subjects with reproductive potential who are using systemic contraceptives (e.g., oral contraceptives, injectable contraceptives, implantable/insertable hormonal contraceptive products, or transdermal patches) to prevent pregnancy must have stable use for ≥28 days prior to screening.

  • PPI non-response is defined as >15 eos/hpf after at least 6 weeks of high dose administration (40mg total per day or higher) of any approved PPI medication or documented evidence of intolerance or allergy to PPIs. The length of the PPI trial period or documented intolerance/allergy will be determined according to the local clinical standard of care.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Esophageal dilation within 8 weeks of the screening endoscopy.
• Inability to pass a standard upper endoscope (8-10mm) due to esophageal narrowing or stricturing.
• Swallowed/topical steroids for EoE within 4 weeks of the screening endoscopy, or a course of systemic corticosteroids within 8 weeks of the screening endoscopy.
• Not having maintained a stable diet for at least 6 weeks preceding the screening endoscopy.
• Initiation, discontinuation, or change of dose regimen of PPIs; leukotriene inhibitors; or nasal, inhaled, and/or orally administered topical corticosteroids for any condition (such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, asthma, or allergic rhinitis) within the 8 weeks prior to the qualifying esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).
• Presence of concomitant eosinophilic gastritis (EG), eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE), eosinophilic colitis (EC), Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or celiac disease.
• History of malignancy within 5 years prior to screening, except completely treated in situ carcinoma of the cervix and completely treated non-metastatic squamous or basal cell carcinoma of the skin.
• History of achalasia.
• Prior esophageal surgery.
• History of bleeding disorder or esophageal varices.
• Active parasitic infection or suspicion of an active parasitic infection, which, in the opinion of the site-Investigator, has not been previously evaluated or treated. Subjects presenting with signs of active parasitic infection or suspicion of active parasitic infection as assessed by current diarrhea and/or blood or mucus in stool will be referred to their clinical physician for further testing to rule out parasitic infection.
• Any other active infections judged at the discretion of the site-Investigator.
• Any other medical or psychological condition that, in the opinion of the site-investigator, may present an unreasonable risk to the study patient as a result of his/her participation in this clinical trial, may make patient's participation unreliable, or may interfere with study assessments. The specific justification for patients excluded under this criterion will be noted in study documents.
• Patient or his/her immediate family is a member of the investigational team.
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
• Women of children bearing potential who are not on highly-effective contraception.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Mepolizumab 300 mg; Subjects will receive Mepolizumab 300 mg subcutaneously (SQ) monthly for 6 months	Drug: Mepolizumab 300 mg; Mepolizumab 300 mg subcutaneous injection; Other Names: Nucala
Other: Placebo, followed by Mepolizumab 100 mg; This arm will receive placebo, followed by Mepolizumab 100 mg. Subjects will receive placebo subcutaneously (SQ) monthly for 3 months, followed by Mepolizumab 100 mg subcutaneously (SQ) monthly for 3 months. Mepolizumab will be administered with 2 SQ injections of placebo and 1 SQ injection of Mepolizumab 100 mg to maintain blinding.	Drug: Mepolizumab 100 mg; Mepolizumab 100 mg subcutaneous injection; Other Names: Nucala; Other: Placebo; Saline subcutaneous injection; Other Names: Saline

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Mean Change in Dysphagia Score	Dysphagia will be assessed by the Eosinophilic Esophagitis Symptom Activity Index (EEsAI) which measures dysphagia frequency, dysphagia severity, and food avoidance/modification behaviors. EEsAI scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms. A decrease of ≥ 20 points is felt to be a meaningful clinical response and scores ≤ 20 representing clinical remission.	Baseline, Month 3 Post-Treatment

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percent of Participants With a Clinical Remission (EEsAI Score of ≤ 20 Points)	The EEsAI measures dysphagia frequency, dysphagia severity, and food avoidance/modification behaviors. EEsAI scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms. A decrease of ≥ 20 points is felt to be a meaningful clinical response and scores ≤ 20 representing clinical remission.	After 3 months of treatment
Percent of Participants With a Clinical Response (EEsAI Score Decrease of ≥ 20 Points)	The EEsAI measures dysphagia frequency, dysphagia severity, and food avoidance/modification behaviors. EEsAI scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms. A decrease of ≥ 20 points is felt to be a meaningful clinical response and scores ≤ 20 representing clinical remission.	After 3 months of treatment
Absolute Peak Eosinophil Count	Absolute peak eosinophil (EOS) count (measured in EOS/hpf) after 3 months of treatment.	After 3 months of treatment
Number of Participants With Histologic Response as Assessed by Eosinophils Per High Powered Field	Number of participants with a histologic response as assessed by having <15, ≤ 6, and ≤ 1 Eosinophils per high powered field (EOS/hpf).	After 3 months of treatment
Mean Change in Eosinophilic Esophagitis Endoscopic Reference Score (EREFS)	Mean change in severity of endoscopic findings as measured by the EoE (Eosinophilic Esophagitis) Endoscopic Reference Score (EREFS). The EREFS, measures features of EoE including esophageal edema, rings, exudate, furrows, and strictures. The instrument grades edema as absent (0) or present (1); furrows as absent (0), mild (1), or severe (2); rings as absent (0), mild (1, subtle circumferential ridges), moderate (2, distinct rings) and severe (3, rings that impair passage of a standard adult diagnostic endoscope); exudates as absent (0), mild (1, less than 10% of the esophageal surface area) or severe (2, greater or equal to 10% of the esophageal surface area); and strictures as absent (0) or present (1) with an estimation of the minimal luminal diameter. Higher scores indicate more severe disease (range 0 - 9).	Baseline, 3 months post-treatment
Mean Change in the Straumann Dysphagia Instrument (SDI) Score	The Straumann Dysphagia Instrument (SDI) is a direct measure of dysphagia frequency and severity which is completed by participants and reported over the previous week. The score ranges from 0-9, with higher scores indicating more severe dysphagia.	Baseline, 3 months post-treatment

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
• Collaborators: Northwestern University; GlaxoSmithKline; University of Utah; MNGI Digestive Health, P.A.
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Evan S Dellon, MD, MPH, UNC Chapel Hill

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 20, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 6, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): December 9, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 30, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 30, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): September 4, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 23, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 8, 2023
• Last Verified: August 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Digestive System Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Hematologic Diseases; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastroenteritis; Hypersensitivity; Esophageal Diseases; Leukocyte Disorders; Eosinophilia; Eosinophilic Esophagitis; Esophagitis
• Other Study ID Numbers: 18-0431

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No