Acceptability of a COVID-19 Vaccine Among US Adults Over Two Time Periods

Acceptability Across Two Time Periods of a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Among a Representative Sample of Adults Within the United States

The overall purpose of this study is to address the factors associated with an individual's personal willingness to get the vaccine and attitudes about potential public policy approaches to implementation of a Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Additionally, to evaluate how these attitudes change over time. The 1200 participants will be recruited by Ipsos (Ipsos KnowledgePanel®) from their nationally representative panel to participate in a survey at Time 1 and 1 year later. The information collected will include demographics, health status, household composition, experiences with COVID-19, attitudes about vaccines in general, COVID-19 vaccine specific attitudes, willingness to get a COVID-19 vaccine acceptability, and attitudes regarding COVID-19 vaccine mandates. The investigators anticipate that those who live in urban areas and who are older, have greater knowledge of COVID-19, who have known someone who was hospitalized for COVID-19, and have generally positive attitudes about vaccines will be more willing to get a vaccine. The primary reasons for willingness will be personal safety and desire to return to normal activities. The investigators also anticipate that those who vary on socio-demographics (e.g., live in urban areas, have more liberal political views), have greater knowledge of COVID-19, who have known someone who was hospitalized for COVID- 19, and have generally positive attitudes about vaccines will be more supportive of mandatory vaccination strategies. The investigators anticipate that attitudes will change over time in response to the current status of the pandemic and of available data about the vaccine's efficacy and safety.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Covid19; Vaccine Acceptability

Detailed Description

The overall objective is to address attitudes about potential public policy approaches to implementation of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine and the factors associated with an individual's personal willingness to get the vaccine once available, and to assess how these attitudes change over time.

First specific aim:

1a. To describe participants' perceptions of public health strategies including mandatory vaccination requirements (e.g., travel, school attendance, work place requirements (e.g., schools, health care facilities, offices), working in a health care facility, health care providers, living in residential facilities) and targeted age groups (e.g., children, adolescents, adults, elderly).

1. b. To determine how attitudes about strategies are related to socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., age, education, race/ethnicity, political views and political party affiliation, household structure), knowledge of SARS-CoV-2, personal experience with the infection, and other vaccine attitudes.

   Example hypothesis: Those who vary on socio-demographics (e.g., live in urban areas, have more liberal political views), have greater knowledge of SARS-CoV-2, who have known someone who was hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2, and have generally positive attitudes about vaccines will be more supportive of mandatory vaccination strategies.

   Second specific aim:

2. a. To determine the relationship of socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., age, education, race/ethnicity, political views and political party affiliation, household structure), knowledge of SARS-CoV-2, personal experience with the infection, and other vaccine attitudes with willingness to get the vaccine.

2b. To evaluate the primary reasons driving vaccine acceptance including safety issues (personal, family, or global), desire to return to normal activities (e.g., school, work, or social events), and desire to no longer need to wear a mask.

Example hypotheses: Those who vary on socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., live in urban areas, who are older), have greater knowledge of SARS-CoV-2, who have known someone who was hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2, and have generally positive attitudes about vaccines will be more willing to get a vaccine. The primary reasons for willingness will be personal safety and desire to return to normal activities.

Third specific aim: This specific aim focuses on how the findings from aim 1 and aim 2 change over time.

3a. To evaluate how national level perceptions of public health strategies (aim 1) and an individual's personal willingness to get the vaccine (aim 2) change over time.

Given the unknown trajectory, there are several possible scenarios. For example, if nationally there is a decrease in new infections with lifting of the restrictions then the investigators hypothesize that there will be an overall decrease in support for mandatory strategies and in willingness to accept the vaccine. Alternatively, if new infections are rising and restrictions are in place, then there will be an overall increase in acceptability. The investigators are also prepared to adapt our surveys should one or more vaccines become licensed and available prior to the time 1 or time 2 survey.

3b. The investigators will explore whether changes in perceptions of public health strategies (aim 1) and an individual's personal willingness to get the vaccine (aim 2) vary based on relevant socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., region of the country, political views and political party affiliation, household structure, race/ethnicity) and, when appropriate, changes within those characteristics (e.g., when rates of infections are changing differentially across regions). The investigators also will explore whether changes in perceptions of public health strategies (aim 1) and an individual's personal willingness to get the vaccine (aim 2) vary based on perceptions of societal events. For example, the investigators will evaluate if changes in vaccine attitudes are associated with regional differences in whether cases are increasing or decreasing; changes in household structure (e.g., the presence of elders in the home); or perceptions of media reports.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 1208

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10032
      • Columbia University Irving Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Adults 18 years of age and older, who live in the US and who have been recruited to be members of Ipsos (KnowledgePanel) survey research panel.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• 18 years of age and older
• Able to read English and Spanish
• Panelists with Ipsos (KnowledgePanel)

Exclusion Criteria:

• 17 years of age and younger
• Not able to read English or Spanish
• Not a member of Ipsos (KnowledgePanel)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Adults from the United States; Adult participants 18 years of age or older who are panelists recruited and maintained by Ipsos (KnoweledgePanel). All participants live within the United States.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Vaccination or intention to get vaccinated for COVID-19	Participants vaccination status or intent to get vaccinated for COVID-19 will be measured via survey items.	Baseline, 1 year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Attitudes toward mandates for COVID-19 vaccines	Participants self report of attitudes on survey	Baseline, 1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Columbia University
• Collaborators: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Susan L Rosenthal, PhD, Columbia University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 7, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 22, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): February 18, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 7, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 7, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): January 11, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 23, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 22, 2023
• Last Verified: March 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Coronavirus Infections; Coronaviridae Infections; Nidovirales Infections; RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Pneumonia, Viral; Pneumonia; Lung Diseases; COVID-19
• Other Study ID Numbers: AAAT5154

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No