Effects of Post-activation Performance Enhancement Protocols on Judo-specific Performance: a Randomized Crossover Trial

Effects of Post-activation Performance Enhancement Protocols Using Upper-body, Lower-body, or Combined Upper- and Lower-body Exercises on Judo-specific Performance: a Randomized Crossover Trial

The study aimed to investigate the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) of the special judo fitness test (SJFT) of youth judo athletes using upper-body (isometric push-ups), lower-body (standing broad jumps), or their combination as conditioning exercise (CE).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: No Condition, Basic Science
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Warm-up (specifically, Post-Activation Performance Enhancement)

Detailed Description

Fourteen females (aged 16.5 ± 0.8 yrs) and nine males (aged 17.0 ± 0.9 yrs) performed the three CEs or a control condition (i.e., judo-specific warm-up) in a randomized crossover method. The SJFT was conducted one minute after the CE or control condition.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 25
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Portugal
  • Porto, Portugal, 4200-450
    • Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Minimum of 4 years of judo training and competition experience.
• Actively practicing the sport and preparing for a competition during the time of data collection
• Proficient at performing the ippon seoi-nage throwing (judo) technique

Exclusion Criteria:

• Disease or serious injury that inhibited participating in the warm-up protocols and subsequent testing sessions.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Upper body PAPE protocol; Half of the judo-specific protocol + 3 sets of 10-second hold isometric push-ups.	Other: Warm-up (specifically, Post-Activation Performance Enhancement); Assess which intervention delivered the best acute performance enhancements.
Experimental: Lower body PAPE protocol; Half of the judo-specific protocol + 3 sets of 6 repetitions of standing broad jump.	Other: Warm-up (specifically, Post-Activation Performance Enhancement); Assess which intervention delivered the best acute performance enhancements.
Experimental: Combined (Upper body+Lower body) PAPE protocol; Half of the judo-specific protocol + 3 sets of 3 repetitions of standing broad jump + 3 sets of 5-second hold isometric push-ups.	Other: Warm-up (specifically, Post-Activation Performance Enhancement); Assess which intervention delivered the best acute performance enhancements.
Active Comparator: Control (judo-specific) protocol; Judo-specific exercises that included 10 repetitions of ukemi drills (i.e., front, back, side, and rolling), 2 sets of 10 repetitions of "rapid" uchikomi drills (i.e., throwing drills), 2 sets of 1 minute of kumikata fight (i.e., grip fight), and 2 sets of 10 repetitions of nagekomi (i.e., practice throws).	Other: Warm-up (specifically, Post-Activation Performance Enhancement); Assess which intervention delivered the best acute performance enhancements.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Special judo fitness test (SJFT)	Three sets of time-limited judo throws, assessing the number of throws	15 seconds for the 1st set, 30 seconds for sets #2 and #3

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Heart rate	Monitoring of heart rate	During the SJFT, immediately after the SJFT, and 1 minute after the SJFT
Rate of perceived exertion	Assess perceived exertion	30 minutes after each testing session

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Universidade do Porto
• Collaborators: Rashtriya Raksha University
• Investigators: Study Chair: José Afonso, Ph.D., Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 1, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 20, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): October 20, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 6, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 6, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 14, 2025
• Last Verified: January 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Judo; Warm-Up; PAPE
• Other Study ID Numbers: IRB/SPES/NOC/2023-24/03

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: Anonymised data pertaining sample characteristics and results of the implemented assessments will be shared upon request.
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: Anonymised data pertaining sample characteristics and results of the implemented assessments will be shared upon request. No predicted end date.
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: Anonymised data pertaining sample characteristics and results of the implemented assessments will be shared upon request.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL; SAP; ICF

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No