The Effect of Water Conservation Education on Women's Water Use Behaviours

March 18, 2026 updated by: Deniz Kocoglu-Tanyer, Selcuk University

The Effect of Health Belief Model-based Water Conservation Education on Women's Water Use Behaviours: A Randomised Controlled Trial

This research will be conducted to evaluate the effects of the Health Belief Model based water saving training prepared for women on the size of the water footprint, water consumption habits and water consumption amount. The study aims to positively change women's water consumption, water saving perceptions and beliefs, and to observe significant improvements in their knowledge levels and water consumption habits on sustainable water use.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The 'water crisis' is consistently one of the top 5 global risks identified in the World Economic Forum's annual Global Risk Reports. As a result, water scarcity is rapidly becoming a global issue. The world is facing a water crisis that has reached proportions that could threaten environmental sustainability. This situation requires urgent action to protect and use water resources efficiently.

In the context of water scarcity, the promotion of awareness among individuals to minimise water usage, the modification of water consumption habits, and the enhancement of water use efficiency are of paramount importance from a public health perspective.Initiatives that predominantly advocate sustainable water conservation offer water conservation as a pivotal component of environmental initiatives. Such initiatives represent a substantial advancement for humanity in terms of planning and managing water resources in the future.The sustainable management of water is imperative for maintaining ecological balance and ensuring long-term water security. In considering the role of psychological theories in understanding and explaining human behaviour, the present research aims to examine the effect of an educational programme created using the Health Belief Model and integrated into primary care services on water use and behaviour.

The study intervention was meticulously formulated on the basis of the Health Belief Model, encompassing a training programme focused on individuals' water footprints and water consumption habits.The training programme is structured into two sessions, each spanning 30 minutes.The training programme, grounded in the Health Belief Model, encompasses the following subjects: water scarcity, water resource pollution, the ramifications of water pollution, water conservation and sustainable water utilisation. The objective of each topic is to raise awareness of water consumption, prevent water scarcity, increase compliance with water saving, reduce water consumption, and cultivate sensitivity, with the aim of effecting a change in water saving behaviours that is sustainable.The training studies were prepared by taking into account the sub-dimensions of the Health Belief Model (Sensitivity/Sensitivity Perception, Seriousness/Care Perception, Benefit Perception, Barries Perception, Actionables, Self-Efficacy).

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

68

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being 20-45 years old,
  • Voluntarily participating in the research,
  • Household size between 3-5 people

Exclusion Criteria:

  • The expectation of a rise or fall in the number of individuals residing in the dwelling at the time of the survey(due to factors such as the presence of guests or travel).

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Intervention group
Behavioral: Water conservation education
The programme of training for participants will be based on the Health Belief Model, and will consist of two sessions on individuals' water footprints and water consumption habits. Support for the sessions will be provided by brochures and videos that have been prepared for this purpose. Women will be given brochures and a list of things to do to save water. They will also be informed that their monthly water bill will be monitored during the process.
Active Comparator: Control
Behavioral: Monitoring water bill
Participants in the control group will be informed that their water bills will be monitored for water savings.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Water consumption behavior scale
Time Frame: T0: The initial measurement taken prior to randomisation. T1: The final measurement taken 15 days after the conclusion of the intervention.
The Water Consumption Behavior Scale is comprised of 16 items. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were evaluated. The scale employs a five-point Likert type, with scores ranging from 1 to 5. The scale ranges from 16, representing the lowest attainable score, to 80, denoting the highest possible score. An increase in the score is evaluated positively.
T0: The initial measurement taken prior to randomisation. T1: The final measurement taken 15 days after the conclusion of the intervention.
Water footprint
Time Frame: T0: The initial measurement taken prior to randomisation. T1: The final measurement taken 15 days after the conclusion of the intervention.
The water footprint, a concept developed by various non-governmental organisations and a university, is the subject of a survey comprising 14 items. It determines the amount of water individuals consume in a day (as liter) based on their water consumption habits and some nutritional habits.
T0: The initial measurement taken prior to randomisation. T1: The final measurement taken 15 days after the conclusion of the intervention.
Monthly water consumption amount (per person in the household)
Time Frame: T0: The initial measurement taken prior to randomisation. T1: The first invoice, which is issued one month after the intervention.
It will be obtained from the household's water bill.
T0: The initial measurement taken prior to randomisation. T1: The first invoice, which is issued one month after the intervention.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Selcuk University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

March 3, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

June 15, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

June 25, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 7, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 7, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

February 13, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 20, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 18, 2026

Last Verified

March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2024/65

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

The protocol of the study will be published

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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