The Effects of Aerobic Exercise Combined With Core Stabilisation Training on Functional Capacity, Physical Performance and Fall Risk in Geriatric Individuals With Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Ageing is associated with a decrease in physiological and functional capacities and quality of life. Guidelines recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity per week and muscle-strengthening activities at least two days per week. With increasing life expectancy, the risk of major health problems affecting the health and well-being of older adults, such as cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases related to inactivity, such as diabetes, cognitive decline and poor mental health, is increasing. Considering the problems accompanying low back pain in elderly individuals, regular aerobic exercise at a moderate pace will have a positive effect on quality of life. Aerobic exercises such as walking and swimming can maintain and improve cardiovascular fitness while providing an effective treatment for various chronic and acute diseases ranging from cardiovascular disease to thrombo-embolic stroke, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, obesity, colon cancer, breast cancer, anxiety and depression . Regular light-paced aerobic exercise is a well-established protective factor for the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, as well as some types of cancer such as breast and colon cancer. In the literature, it has been reported that static stabilisation exercises, dynamic exercises, a general exercise programme including a combination of muscle strength, flexibility and aerobic fitness, progressive aerobic exercise and progressive resistance exercise are effective in chronic nonspecific low back pain and that static stabilisation exercises and dynamic exercises are effective on functional status in addition to pain. Although it is generally reported that aerobic exercise is effective in patients with NSBA, there is no clear information in the literature about which exercise methods are more effective in the treatment of NSBA. In addition, many factors such as compliance of the patient population, education, and social status may affect the type of exercise that can be applied. Therefore, it is important to compare the recommended exercise protocols with various exercise programmes.
In this context, the aim of investigators study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercises combined with core exercises on functional status and physical performance in geriatric individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain.
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Kırşehir, Turkey, 40100
- Kırsehir Ahi Evran University
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients with complaints of low back pain for more than 3 months
- Patients aged between 65-84 years
- Patients with a mini-mental status test score above 24
Exclusion Criteria:
- Those with radicular leg pain, sensory and motor deficits in the lower extremities and low back pain with inflammatory character
- Those with previous spinal surgery, spondylolysis, spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, vertebral compression, fracture, previous or ongoing spinal infection in past history and examinations
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
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Other: Control Group
The control group will receive core stabilisation exercises 3 days a week for 8 weeks.
Core exercise programme was applied to the patients three days a week for 8 weeks.
The programme consisted of two weekly parts, and each part was planned according to the weeks by ordering from easy to difficult.
Prior to the core stabilisation exercise programme, low intensity 5-10 min warm-up 30 min core exercises consisting of 3 levels were performed.
Exercises progressed from easy to difficult according to the condition of the patients.
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Patients in the core stabilisation exercise group underwent a total of 24 sessions of core stabilisation exercise programme 3 days a week (with at least 1 day of rest between each session) for a total of 8 weeks.
Each exercise session was performed under the supervision of a physician in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine.
Each session was arranged as 35-minute programmes with an average of 8-10 patients, 5 minutes of which was warm-up.
Before starting the exercise, patients were taught to reduce lumbar lordosis by contracting and drawing in the abdominal muscles and to find a lumbar and pelvic neutral position by moving the pelvis forwards and backwards.
In each session, the neutral position was found first and attention was paid to maintain the neutral position throughout the exercise.
The exercises consisted of 3 levels.
The exercise level was completed gradually
Other Names:
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Experimental: Aerobic Exercise Group
Core stabilisation exercises applied to the control group were applied to the aerobic exercise group.
After the core stabilisation exercises, aerobic exercise was performed with a stationary bicycle at a speed of 50 rpm for approximately 40 minutes.
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The aerobic exercise group underwent core stabilisation exercises applied to the control group.
After the core stabilisation exercises, aerobic exercise was performed with a stationary bicycle at a speed of 50 rpm for approximately 40 minutes.
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
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Pain Severity
Time Frame: 8 week
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Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to determine the presence and severity of low back pain in the study participants.
GAS is a practical test with high validity and reliability in pain assessment.
GAS is an assessment method numbered from 0 to 10, where '0' indicates no pain and '10' indicates the presence of the most severe pain.
Participants were asked to mark the degree of pain they had on this scale and recorded.
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8 week
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Disability
Time Frame: 8 week
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Functional status was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).
The OSI is a widely used questionnaire for the assessment of functional status in patients with low back pain.
It includes subjective assessment.
There are items including activities of daily living such as pain intensity, self-care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, social life and travelling information.
The items are scored between 0-5.
The final score is calculated by taking the patient's score as a percentage of the maximum score.
Higher scores indicate an increasing level of disability.
Turkish validity and reliability was performed by Yakut et al. in 1998.
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8 week
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Risk of fall
Time Frame: 8 week
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Biodex balance system (Biodex Medical System Inc., NY, USA, Model SW45-30D-E6N, SD 950-304) was used for fall risk assessment.
This device creates stability indices by evaluating movements in the overall, anterior-posterior and right-left (medial-lateral) directions.
Its validity and reliability have been established in this field.
It has static and dynamic modes and 12 mobility levels of the platform (mobility level of the floor).
In the limit of stability test, there are 9 balls, 1 in the middle and 8 on the edges, and when these balls light up, the person should move the centre of gravity to the burning ball and keep it there for 0.25 seconds.
Each ball flashes once during the test and after the ball on the edge lights up, the ball in the centre lights up again.
The aim is to move the centre of gravity in the specified direction.
The test was performed three times and the extinguishing time of all balls was recorded by the device.
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8 week
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
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Cardiopulmonary capacity
Time Frame: 8 week
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The 6-minute walk test is used as a simple measure of aerobic exercise capacity.
During this test, you walk at a normal pace for six minutes on a 30-metre long hard surface track, marking the track every 3 metres and placing a cone at the end of the 30-metre track and walking back around it.
This test can be used to monitor your response to treatments for heart, lung and other health problems.
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8 week
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Depression
Time Frame: 8 week
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Beck depression scale is a widely used psychological measurement tool to assess depression symptoms.
This scale developed by Aaron T. Beck is an important tool used to determine the level of depression of individuals and in treatment processes.
Beck depression scale consists of a series of questions including various emotional, cognitive and physical symptoms and the answers to the questions provide information about the severity of depression.
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8 week
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Kinesiophobia
Time Frame: 8 week
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The level of kinesiophobia was evaluated with the 'Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS)'.
The TQS is a 17-question questionnaire developed for musculoskeletal pain, which has been validated and reliable in Turkish.
In the scale, a 4-point Likert scoring system (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Agree, 3=Disagree, 4=Strongly agree) is used for each question.
As a result of the questionnaire, the person receives a total score between 17-68 according to the answers given.
A high score indicates a high level of kinesiophobia.
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8 week
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Mehmet CANLI, PhD., Kirsehir Ahi Evran Universitesi
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 43834581758?
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
IPD Plan Description
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
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