Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Form of the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale-8 in Geriatrics With Minimal Cognitive Impairment

May 14, 2026 updated by: Gulfidan Tokgoz, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa

Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Form of the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale-8 (PACES-8) in Geriatric Individuals With Minimal Cognitive Impairment

The main objective of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish form of the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale-8 (PACES-8) in individuals aged 65 and over with Minimal Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

While the psychometric properties of PACES-8 have been examined in various populations in the current literature, data on its validity and reliability in geriatric individuals with Minimal Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are limited. This gap highlights a significant research need to accurately analyze the motivational determinants of physical activity behavior in elderly individuals with cognitive fragility and to make intervention programs more effective. Therefore, evaluating the validity and reliability of PACES-8 in geriatric individuals with MCI will make a significant contribution to both clinical practice and research.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

100

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
      • Balıkesir, Turkey (Türkiye)
        • Balıkesir University
        • Contact:
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Bilal Katipoğlu
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Ebru Tekin

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

Geriatric individuals aged 65 and over who meet the inclusion criteria for the study.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being 65 years of age or older,
  • Having a diagnosis of Minimal Cognitive Impairment (MCI),
  • Having a Standardized Mini Mental Test (SMMT) score between 24 and 27 (mild cognitive impairment level),
  • Being largely independent in daily living activities (absence of functional dependency),
  • Being able to mobilize independently,
  • Having the communication level to understand and answer the survey questions,
  • Volunteering to participate in the study and providing written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosis of dementia or advanced cognitive impairment,
  • Acute medical conditions that prevent participation in physical activity,
  • Severe vision or hearing loss,
  • Presence of neurological or psychiatric disorders that prevent completion of questionnaire forms,
  • Serious neurological event within the last 6 months (stroke, traumatic brain injury, etc.).

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Geriartric Indivıduals with MCI
The study population will consist of individuals aged 65 and over who have been diagnosed with Minimal Cognitive Impairment.
Other: Assessments
Data will be collected after a controlled intervention representing participants' routine physical activity habits. Following the protocol implemented by Çınar-Medeni et al. (2025), participants will be asked to perform a 15-minute moderate-intensity walk (followed by a talk test). Immediately after the activity, the PACES-8 scale will be administered to measure participants' immediate enjoyment levels. To determine test-retest reliability, the PACES-8 scale will be re-administered to 20% of participants (approximately 20 people) 15 days after the initial measurement.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale-8 (PACES-8):
Time Frame: 1 week
This is an 8-item scale originally developed by Mullen et al. (2011) and validated in Turkish in adults by Çınar-Medeni et al. (2025). The scale uses a 7-point Likert-type format, with each item scored from 1 (did not enjoy it at all) to 7 (enjoyed it very much). The total score ranges from a minimum of 8 to a maximum of 56, with higher scores indicating greater enjoyment of physical activity.
1 week

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF):
Time Frame: 1 week
This questionnaire will be used for criterion validity analysis. The IPAQ-SF assesses self-reported vigorous, moderate, and walking physical activity durations over the past 7 days (Öztürk, 2005). Total physical activity level is calculated in MET-minutes/week, with higher scores indicating greater levels of physical activity. The minimum possible score is 0 MET-minutes/week, and there is no fixed maximum, as scores are continuous and vary based on activity duration and intensity.
1 week

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa

Collaborators

Balikesir University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Bilal Katipoğlu, Yıldırım Beyazıt Universty

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

May 15, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

June 15, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

August 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

May 9, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 9, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

May 15, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 18, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 14, 2026

Last Verified

May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2026/42

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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