The Relationship Between Lost Extremity Percentage and Postural Control, Neck and Low Back Pain, Daily Living Activities, and Reaction Time in Individuals With Unilateral Upper Limb Amputation

June 30, 2026 updated by: Asli Bebek, Hacettepe University

This observational study aims to examine the relationship between the percentage of limb loss and functional outcomes in individuals with unilateral upper limb amputation. Upper limb amputation can affect posture, balance control, pain levels, daily living activities, hand function, and reaction time. However, limited research has investigated how the amount of limb loss influences these outcomes.

Participants between 18 and 65 years of age who use a myoelectric or bionic prosthesis will undergo a series of assessments. These assessments include measurements of postural control using a force platform, posture analysis, evaluation of neck and low back pain using a visual analog scale, daily living activities using a validated questionnaire, hand dexterity using the Box and Block Test, and reaction time using a visual stimulus device.

The study does not involve any intervention or treatment. All evaluations will be performed during a single assessment session. The results of this study may help improve rehabilitation planning and provide better understanding of functional changes associated with different levels of limb loss in people with upper limb amputation.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

15

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

N/A

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

This study population consists of adults aged 18-65 years with unilateral upper limb amputation who use a myoelectric or bionic prosthesis. Participants are recruited from clinical and rehabilitation settings and meet predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. All individuals undergo a single-session assessment to evaluate postural control, pain, daily living activities, hand function, and reaction time.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 18-65 years
  • Unilateral upper limb amputation
  • Use of a myoelectric or bionic prosthesis for at least 1 year
  • Current prosthesis use for a minimum of 3 months

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Bilateral upper limb amputation
  • Additional amputation of another limb
  • Use of passive or cosmetic prosthesis
  • Presence of neurological or other significant orthopedic disorders unrelated to amputation

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Unilateral Upper Limb Amputation Group

Participants in this cohort are adults aged 18 to 65 years with unilateral upper limb amputation who use a myoelectric or bionic prosthesis. Individuals must have been using their current prosthesis for at least three months and have a minimum of one year of prosthesis experience. Participants with additional neurological or orthopedic conditions, bilateral amputation, or passive/cosmetic prosthesis use are excluded.

This is an observational study. No interventional procedures are performed. All participants undergo a single assessment session including measurements of postural control, posture, neck and low back pain, daily living activities, hand dexterity, and reaction time.
Other: This is an observational study. No interventional procedures are performed. All assessments are non-invasive measurements.
This is an observational study. No interventional procedures are performed. All assessments are non-invasive measurements.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Daily living activity score
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
In upper extremity amputees, daily living activities and occupational skills will be assessed using a questionnaire. (0-100 score, Survey on Activities of Daily Living and Occupations of Upper Extremity Amputees)
through study completion, an average of 1 year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Postural Sway and Limits of Stability
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Postural sway (cm) measured using a force BERTEC platform system.
through study completion, an average of 1 year
Postural Sway and Limits of Stability
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
limits of stability (%) measured using a force BERTEC platform system.
through study completion, an average of 1 year
Neck and Back Pain Intensity
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) on a 0-10 scale, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst possible pain.
through study completion, an average of 1 year
Hand Dexterity
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
easured using the Box and Block Test (number of blocks successfully transferred from one compartment to another in 60 seconds).
through study completion, an average of 1 year
Reaction Time
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Measured using the BlazePod system (recorded in milliseconds and the number of correct responses in 30 seconds).
through study completion, an average of 1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Hacettepe University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

August 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 14, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 30, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

July 1, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 1, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 30, 2026

Last Verified

June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • FTREK25/28

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

. The study includes sensitive clinical and functional assessment data collected at a single center. All data will be securely stored and used solely for research purposes in accordance with ethical approval and institutional regulations.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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