The Effect of Intravenous Injection Training Based on the ARCS-V Model on Levels of Learning Motivation and Self-Efficacy

July 7, 2026 updated by: Tubay Bozkurt, Ataturk University

The Effect of Intravenous Injection Training Based on the ARCS-V Model on Nursing Students' Learning Motivation and Self-Efficacy Levels: A Mixed-Methods Study

Intravenous (IV) administration, one of the most fundamental and common practices carried out by nurses, is defined as the administration of medication directly into the circulatory system via a vein. Intravenous administration is one of the key clinical skills that must be performed using the correct technique. Supporting students' motivation to learn plays a significant role in the effective acquisition of this skill. The ARCS-V motivation model, which aims to enhance motivation during the teaching process, comprises the dimensions of attention, relevance, confidence, satisfaction and action. This study aims to investigate the effect of intravenous administration training based on the ARCS-V model on nursing students' levels of motivation and academic self-efficacy. The study will be conducted using a mixed-methods design incorporating both a randomised controlled trial and qualitative research methods. In the study, the experimental group will receive IV administration training structured according to the ARCS-V model, whilst the control group will be taught using the traditional teaching method. For the collection of quantitative data in this study, the "Demographic Information Form", the "Motivation Scale for Teaching Materials (ÖMMÖ)", the "Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (AÖÖ)" and the "Volition to Learn Scale (VFLS)" will be used. For the collection of qualitative data in the study, a "Semi-Structured Interview Form" will be used to determine the experiences of students in the experimental group regarding the learning process, and an audio recorder will be used to record the data. Whilst the quantitative data obtained will be analysed using statistical methods, the qualitative data will be evaluated through content analysis. It is anticipated that the findings of this research will demonstrate that teaching based on the ARCS-V model contributes to clinical skills training by supporting students' active participation in the learning process, as well as their motivation and will to learn.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

76

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • To be a student enrolled on the Turkish-language programme at the Faculty of Nursing,
  • Be aged 18 or over,
  • Have Turkish as your first language,
  • Be a first-year student,
  • Not be a student on an exchange programme such as Erasmus,
  • Be taking the 'Fundamentals of Nursing' course for the first time,
  • Not have previously received training in intravenous procedures
  • Not to have been absent during the period when research data will be collected, Not to hold a secondary school, foundation year or undergraduate degree in any health-related field

Exclusion Criteria:

  • The desire not to take part in any stage of the research or to withdraw from the research

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Traditional Teaching Group
traditional teaching
Experimental: ARCS-V Initiative Group
ARCS-V Model Teaching
Other: ARCS-V Model Teaching
Teaching Intravenous Injection Techniques Based on the ARCS-V Model

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Teaching Material Motivation Scale (TMMS)
Time Frame: Assessments will be carried out at three time points. 1st assessment: before the training, 2nd assessment: one week after the training, as the final test, 3rd assessment: one week after the final test
Teaching Material Motivation Scale (TMMS): The Teaching Material Motivation Scale (TMMS) was developed based on Keller's (2009) ARCS Model and adapted into Turkish by Dinçer and Doğanay. The scale consists of 33 items designed to assess motivation towards teaching materials and covers four dimensions: attention, relevance, confidence and satisfaction. The original scale comprises 36 items. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the scale have been reported as 0.96 overall; 0.89 for the attention dimension; 0.81 for the relevance dimension; 0.90 for the trust dimension; and 0.92 for the satisfaction dimension. Assessment is carried out using a 5-point Likert-type scale, with a total score range of 33 to 165; an increase in score is interpreted as an increase in motivation levels. The scale's score ranges are classified from very low (33-37) to very high (161-165).
Assessments will be carried out at three time points. 1st assessment: before the training, 2nd assessment: one week after the training, as the final test, 3rd assessment: one week after the final test
Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (AÖÖ)
Time Frame: Assessments will be carried out at three time points. 1st assessment: before the training, 2nd assessment: one week after the training, as the final test, 3rd assessment: one week after the final test
Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (AÖÖ): Adapted into Turkish by Yılmaz, Gürçay and Ekici (2007). Developed as a four-point Likert-type scale, it has a unidimensional structure and consists of seven items. Scores on the scale range from 7 to 28, with higher scores indicating a higher level of academic self-efficacy. In the Turkish adaptation study, the scale's Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient was reported as 0.79.
Assessments will be carried out at three time points. 1st assessment: before the training, 2nd assessment: one week after the training, as the final test, 3rd assessment: one week after the final test

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Ataturk University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

July 15, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

September 15, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 26, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 1, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 7, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

July 9, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 9, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 7, 2026

Last Verified

July 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

  • B.30.2.ATA.0.01.TB

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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