AI-Assisted Clinical Documentation in Nurse-Led Telehealth Contacts

August 2, 2026 updated by: Ville Vartiainen, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa

Effect of AI-Assisted Clinical Documentation on Nurse Productivity, Professional Experience, and Documentation Quality: A Randomized Repeated Crossover Trial in Primary Care Telehealth

Background: No randomized controlled trial evidence currently exists on the effectiveness of ambient artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted clinical documentation.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of AI-assisted documentation on nurse productivity, professional experience, and documentation quality in nurse-led telehealth (telephone and chat) contacts in Finnish primary care (Wellbeing Services County of Kanta-Häme, OmaHäme).

Methods: In this randomized, open-label, repeated crossover trial, approximately 64 nurses are allocated 1:1 to an ABAB or BABA sequence of four two-week periods (A = AI-assisted documentation, B = standard manual documentation) over eight weeks. The primary outcome is the number of patient contacts handled per nurse, analyzed with a generalized linear mixed-effects model for count data with nurse as a random effect; the treatment effect is expressed as an incidence rate ratio (IRR). A Monte Carlo simulation-based power analysis indicated 85% power to detect an IRR of 1.15 at a two-sided alpha of 0.05. Secondary outcomes include self-reported work-time savings, nurse experience and satisfaction, and patient satisfaction. Discrepancies between AI-generated draft notes, and final signed notes are analyzed to characterize the frequency, type, and clinical criticality of AI errors and omissions.

The trial is investigator-initiated (OmaHäme, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki) and funded by the Strategic Research Council (GAINS project). The technology provider (Tandem Health) supplies the technical solution and participates in study design and manuscript preparation; responsibility for the study design, data analysis, and conclusions rests with the academic study group.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

64

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

  • Finland
      • Hämeenlinna, Finland
        • Wellbeing Services County of Kanta-Häme (OmaHäme)
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Nurses at OmaHäme (Wellbeing Services County of Kanta-Häme) handling telephone or chat patient contacts

Exclusion Criteria:

  • None

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Sequence ABAB
Nurses randomized to begin with AI-assisted documentation (A), alternating with standard manual documentation (B) in four consecutive two-week periods (A-B-A-B).
Other: AI-assisted clinical documentation (ambient AI scribe, Tandem Health)
During AI-assisted periods, nurses use an ambient AI scribe that transcribes the patient contact and generates a draft clinical note, which the nurse reviews, edits, and approves. During control periods, nurses document contacts manually according to standard practice. All other aspects of care follow normal clinical routines.
Experimental: Sequence BABA.
Nurses randomized to begin with standard manual documentation (B), alternating with AI-assisted documentation (A) in four consecutive two-week periods (B-A-B-A).
Other: AI-assisted clinical documentation (ambient AI scribe, Tandem Health)
During AI-assisted periods, nurses use an ambient AI scribe that transcribes the patient contact and generates a draft clinical note, which the nurse reviews, edits, and approves. During control periods, nurses document contacts manually according to standard practice. All other aspects of care follow normal clinical routines.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Number of patient contacts handled per nurse per working day/hour.
Time Frame: Daily/hourly, over four 2-week periods (8 weeks).
Count of telehealth (telephone/chat) contacts handled per nurse per working day/hour during time of excess demand extracted from routine service data.
Daily/hourly, over four 2-week periods (8 weeks).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Self-reported work-time savings.
Time Frame: Week 8 (end of study).
Nurses' estimate of the effect of AI-assisted documentation on time spent on documentation, assessed with a study-specific end-of-study questionnaire (5-point Likert scale).
Week 8 (end of study).
Nurse-reported experience and satisfaction.
Time Frame: Baseline (week 0) and week 8 (end of study).
Perceived workflow, efficiency, workload, and job satisfaction, assessed with study-specific baseline and end-of-study questionnaires (5-point Likert scales).
Baseline (week 0) and week 8 (end of study).

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa

Collaborators

University of Helsinki
Tandem Health AB (technology provider)
Wellbeing Services County of Kanta-Häme (OmaHäme)

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

September 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

October 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

August 2, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 2, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

August 6, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

August 6, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 2, 2026

Last Verified

August 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

  • OMAHAME-AISCRIBE-2026

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Individual-level data contain sensitive personal and patient data processed under the GDPR and the Finnish Act on the Secondary Use of Health and Social Data; data are stored in the HUS Acamedic secure environment and cannot be shared as individual participant data.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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