Virtual Reality Analgesia During Pediatric Physical Therapy (VRD/Peds)

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age greater than or equal to 8 years up to 20 yrs old
• Compliant and able to complete subject evaluation
• A minimum of 3 days of physical therapy, one physical therapy session per day
• No history of psychiatric (DSM-IV-R Axis I) or developmental disorder that would interfere with decisional capacity
• Not demonstrating delirium, psychosis, or any form of Organic Brain Disorder that would interfere with decisional capacity
• Able to communicate verbally
• Able to take oral medications
• English-speaking

Exclusion Criteria:

• - Age less than 8 years, or greater than 20 years.
• Not capable of indicating pain intensity
• Not capable of filling out study measures
• Hospitalization of fewer than 3 days
• Evidence of traumatic brain injury
• History of psychiatric (DSM-IV-R Axis I) disorder as evidenced in the admitting RN and MD admission notes, if interfering with decisional capacity
• Demonstrating delirium, psychosis or any form of Organic Brain Disorder and associated memory problems that would interfere with decisional capacity
• Unable to communicate verbally
• Unable to take oral medications
• History of sig. cardiac, endocrine, neurologic, metabolic, respiratory, gastrointestinal or genitourinary impairment that would interfere with treatment or decisional capacity
• Receiving prophylaxis for alcohol or drug withdrawal
• Developmental disability that would interfere with decisional capacity
• Face/head/neck injuries preventing helmet use
• Non-English-speaking
• Extreme susceptibility to motion sickness
• Seizure history