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Effects of Smoking and Vitamin D3 on the Levels of Human Cathelicidin Peptide LL-37

19. april 2019 opdateret af: Gülay Tüter, Gazi University

Evaluation of Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels of LL-37 and Serum Vitamin D3 Levels in Smoker and Non-Smoker Patients With Chronic Periodontitis

The aims of our study were 1) to evaluate levels of gingival crevicular fluid( GCF) human cathelicidin peptide LL-37 and serum vitamin D3 in smoker and non-smoker patients with chronic periodontitis(CP) 2) to determine whether any correlation between GCF LL-37 and vitamin D3 serum levels exist and 3) to asses the correlation between clinical parameters and biochemical markers

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Background: Cathelicidin LL-37, an antimicrobial peptide, is part of the host innate immune response in the oral cavity. The aims of this study are to evaluate; gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of LL-37, serum vitamin D3 levels and periodontal clinical recordings in smoker and nonsmoker patients with chronic periodontitis (CP).

Methods:

This study consisted a total of 60 volunteers including 20 smoker patients with CP (CP-1 group), 20 non-smoker patients with CP (CP-2 group) and 20 periodontally healthy subjects (CTRL group). Prior to participation, the design and purpose of the research were explained to each subjects, and written informed consent form was obtained from 60 individuals before the study.

The periodontal status of the patients were determined by measuring the probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI) All clinical parameters were measured on six sites per tooth from the full-mouth teeth (mesiobuccal, distobuccal,midbuccal, mesiolingual, distolingual and midlingual) using a William's periodontal probe calibrated in millimeters by the same examiner. All samples were obtained on the day following clinical examinations of the individuals. The deepest six pockets site per individual were chosen for collection of GCF across both of the periodontitis groups. Six pocket locations showing a lack of clinical inflammation were also tested to guarantee collection of a sufficient volume of GCF across the CTRL groups.

GCF levels of LL-37 were measured by ELISA and serum levels of vitamin D3 were analysed by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Statistical analysis were performed.

Undersøgelsestype

Observationel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

60

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

35 år til 50 år (Voksen)

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Køn, der er berettiget til at studere

Alle

Prøveudtagningsmetode

Ikke-sandsynlighedsprøve

Studiebefolkning

The volunteers participitating in the study were choosen from among individuals scheduled to undergo either dental treatment or dental check at the Deparment of Perioodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria for chronic periodontitis groups:

  • Clinical attachment loss ≥ 5mm
  • Probing depth ≥5mm
  • Bone loss affecting >30% of the existing teeth on clinical and radiographic examination
  • gingival index (GI) score> 1

Inclusion criteria for control group:

  • full-mouth PD was≤ 3mm,
  • Gingival index <1
  • there was no indication of Attachment Loss or no radiographic evidence of alveolar bone loss in control group.
  • Non-smokers.

Smoking criteria for groups:

  • patients smoked more than 10 cigarettes in a day
  • smoking for 3 or more years,

Exclusion Criteria:

  • systemic condition (diabetes, cardiovascular disease, immunologic disorders, hepatitis, e.g.)
  • pregnancy, lactation or menopause term,
  • antibiotic treatment or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications within the last 3 months before the study,
  • non-surgical periodontal treatment during the last 6 months before the study,
  • treatment with Vitamin D supplementation before the study

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

Kohorter og interventioner

Gruppe / kohorte
Intervention / Behandling
Smoker patients with chronic periodontitis
Andet: LL-37 levels in Gingival crevicular fluid
Collected gingival crevicular fluid
Andet: Serum Vitamin D3 levels
Collected serum
Andet: Clinical parameters
Recorded plague index, gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment level
non-smoker patients with chronic periodontitis
Andet: LL-37 levels in Gingival crevicular fluid
Collected gingival crevicular fluid
Andet: Serum Vitamin D3 levels
Collected serum
Andet: Clinical parameters
Recorded plague index, gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment level
periodontally healthy patients
Andet: LL-37 levels in Gingival crevicular fluid
Collected gingival crevicular fluid
Andet: Serum Vitamin D3 levels
Collected serum
Andet: Clinical parameters
Recorded plague index, gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment level

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Serum D3 Vitamin levels
Tidsramme: Baseline
The plasma levels of vitamin D3 were greater in the CP-2 group than in the CP-1 group. But, no statistically significant difference was determined between the CP groups (P>0.05)
Baseline
Gingival Crevicular fluid(GCF) LL-37 levels
Tidsramme: Baseline
The concentration of LL-37 in GCF was significantly higher in both of the CP groups than in the CTRL group (p<0.001). Although GCF LL-37 concentration levels were greater in the CP-1 group than in the CP-2 group, the difference did not reach the statistical significance between the CP groups (p>0.05).
Baseline

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Plaque index (PI)
Tidsramme: Baseline

The full-mouth and sample sites PI recordings were significantly higher in both CP groups (CP-1 and CP-2) than in the CTRL group (p<0.001).

were measured on six sites per tooth from the full-mouth teeth
Baseline
GCF volume
Tidsramme: Baseline
The GCF volume was notably higher in both CP groups than in CTRL group (p<0.001).
Baseline
gingival index (GI)
Tidsramme: Baseline
The full-mouth and sample sites GI recordings were significantly higher in both CP groups (CP-1 and CP-2) than in the CTRL group (p<0.001).
Baseline
Probing depth (PD)
Tidsramme: Baseline
The full-mouth and sample sites PD recordings were significantly higher in both CP groups (CP-1 and CP-2) than in the CTRL group (p<0.001).
Baseline
Clinical attachment level (CAL)
Tidsramme: Baseline
The full-mouth and sample sites CAL recordings were significantly higher in both CP groups (CP-1 and CP-2) than in the CTRL group (p<0.001).
Baseline

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Gazi University

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Şeyma BOZKURT DOĞAN, Professor, University
  • Ledende efterforsker: Elifcan Kıvrak, PhD, University

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

1. december 2011

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

1. juli 2012

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

1. juli 2015

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

17. april 2019

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

19. april 2019

Først opslået (Faktiske)

22. april 2019

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

22. april 2019

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

19. april 2019

Sidst verificeret

1. april 2019

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 03/2011-27

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