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Effectiveness of Audio-Tactile Performance Technique With Sing-Along Lyrics on Oral Hygiene Instruction to Visually Impaired Individuals: A Matched-Pair Randomized Study

7. maj 2026 opdateret af: Dinesha Shrestha, Mahidol University

The goal of this match-pair randomized study is to compare the effectiveness of the standard Audio-Tactile Performance (ATP) technique with a song-based adaptation (ATP/S) in teaching oral hygiene in visually impaired individuals aged 6 to 20 years in Kathmandu, Nepal.

  1. Can the ATP/S approach achieve a greater improvement in plaque control, as measured by the Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) index, compared to standard ATP instruction over a two-week period?
  2. Does the rhythmic structure of a song lead to a more continuous improvement in toothbrushing task performance and theoretical oral health knowledge?

Researchers will compare a control group receiving standard ATP with an audio information file to an intervention group receiving ATP with a sing-along song to see if rhythmic auditory stimuli help regulate sequencing and reduce working-memory demands during complex motor tasks.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

This study is divided in to 2 groups where visually impaired individuals are allocated after inclusion and exlusion criteria.

In this matched-pair randomized study, 40 VI participants aged 6-20 years were allocated to ATP or ATP/S groups. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at two-week follow-up using the Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) index, a 16-step toothbrushing task analysis, and an eight-item oral health knowledge questionnaire. Intra-group changes were analyzed using the Friedman test; inter-group comparisons used the Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.05).

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

40

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Nepal
    • Kathmandu
      • Ki̇̄rtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, 44600
        • Laboratory boarding Secondary school
    • Lagankhel
      • Lalitpur, Lagankhel, Nepal, 44600
        • Namuna Macchindra secondary school

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Barn
  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Bilateral visually impaired in age 6-20yrs. (as verified in school medical record)

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Visual impairment associated with any disabilities that affected arm motor skill/loss of upper dexterous extremity/abnormal mental development/deaf.
  2. Using any chemical plaque control agent.
  3. Individuals with calculus on examining teeth
  4. On medications that could affect the gingival status.
  5. Inability to brush due to pain from severe caries/oro-mucosal conditions.
  6. Have less than 4 teeth in each quadrant.
  7. Presented with orthodontic or prosthodontic appliance.
  8. Subject with good oral hygiene ; plaque score = 0
  9. Un co-operative children.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Forebyggelse
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Aktiv komparator: ATP with audio information file
Participants in this arm receive Oral Hygiene Instruction (OHI) using the standard Audio-Tactile Performance (ATP) technique. This involves hands-on training with a tooth model (dentoform) paired with a pre-recorded audio information file that provides verbal instructions on brushing techniques.
Procedure: ATP
ATP with standard audio file
Eksperimentel: ATP with informational song
Group B (Intervention Group): Participants in this arm receive OHI using the ATP technique enhanced with a sing-along song. This method utilizes the same hands-on training with a tooth model but replaces the standard audio file with a culturally adapted song containing the brushing instructions, leveraging rhythmic entrainment to aid memory and coordination.
Adfærdsmæssigt: ATP with song
ATP with informational song used to provide guidance to the participants

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
tooth brushing task analysis
Tidsramme: from baseline to intervention, reinforment (1 week) & Final data collection (end of 2 weeks)

The oral cavity is divided into 16 surface areas.

Scoring Criteria: For each area, participants are scored on four specific criteria:

  1. Maintaining a 45-degree angle of the bristles.
  2. Using an appropriate back-and-forth vibrating motion.
  3. Ensuring adequate surface coverage.
  4. Brushing for at least 5 seconds per surface.

Calculation: Each correctly executed criterion earns 1 point, and the total skill level is determined by the percentage of points achieved out of the total possible points.
from baseline to intervention, reinforment (1 week) & Final data collection (end of 2 weeks)

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Patient hygiene performance (PHP score)
Tidsramme: from baseline to intervention, reinforment (1 week) & Final data collection (end of 2 weeks)

The secondary outcome evaluates the objective effectiveness of the brushing by measuring the amount of dental plaque (debris) left on the teeth.

The Process: Teeth are stained with erythrosin dye, which highlights plaque. Scoring Method: Six specific index teeth are examined, with each tooth surface divided into five sections.

Binary System: A section receives a 1 if debris is present and a 0 if it is absent. Calculation: The final PHP score is the sum of these points divided by the number of surfaces examined; a lower score indicates better oral hygiene.
from baseline to intervention, reinforment (1 week) & Final data collection (end of 2 weeks)

Andre resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Oral Health Knowledge Questionnaire
Tidsramme: from baseline, intervention, reinforcement (1 week) and final data collection (end of 2 week)

A pre-test and post-test consisting of 8 questions are administered verbally to accommodate visual impairment.

8 questions are asked based on the audio information and song file Correct answers are recorded to track how well the instructional formats (standard audio vs. song) reinforce theoretical knowledge over time
from baseline, intervention, reinforcement (1 week) and final data collection (end of 2 week)

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Mahidol University

Efterforskere

  • Studieleder: woranun Prapansilp, Masters pediatric dentistry, Mahidol University

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

9. juni 2025

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

22. august 2025

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

30. oktober 2025

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

7. maj 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

7. maj 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

13. maj 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

13. maj 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

7. maj 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. januar 2025

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 61_2025

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

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