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Comparative Effect of Combined Strength, Core and Balance Training on Kinesiophobia, Ankle Instability, Functional Outcomes, and Performance in Table Tennis Players With Functional Ankle Instability

22. juni 2026 opdateret af: Hafsah Gul Khattak, Ibadat International University, Islamabad
This randomized controlled trial investigates the comparative effect of combined strength and balance training versus balance and core training on kinesiophobia (fear of movement), ankle instability, functional outcomes, and athletic performance in adolescent table tennis players with functional ankle instability (FAI). Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups over a 6-week intervention (3 sessions/week). The Experimental Group will receive combined strength and balance training, while the Control Group will receive balance and core training. Outcomes will be measured using validated tools: TSK-17, CAIT, FAAM, Y-Balance Test, Single-Leg Hop Test, T-Test, and Illinois Agility Test.

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

51

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Barn
  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Male/female table tennis players aged 15-30 years
  2. Experienced at least one ankle sprain with swelling/pain that interrupted training for >1 day within the last 6 months
  3. Reported sensation of instability of the ankle
  4. Scored ≤25 points on the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), indicating functional ankle instability

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. History of ankle fracture or surgery
  2. Any fracture of lower limb history
  3. Any neurological or vestibular disorders
  4. Other injuries of lower limb affecting performance

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Experimental: Combined Strength and Balance Training

Participants will receive a 6-week combined strength and balance training program (3 sessions/week, 40-45 min).

Strength Component: Theraband Dorsiflexion (3×12), Theraband Eversion (3×12), Heel Raises progressing to single-leg (3×12), Forward Lunges (3×10 each leg).

Balance Component: Single-Leg Stance Eyes Open→Closed (3×30 sec), Wobble Board Standing (3×30 sec), Y-Balance Reach (3 trials each direction).

Weekly progression: Week 1-2 basic stable surface exercises, Week 3-4 increased repetitions, Week 5-6 single-leg variations introduced.
Andet: Experimental : Combined Strength and Balance Training
A structured 6-week exercise program combining ankle strengthening exercises (Theraband resistance training, heel raises, lunges) with dynamic balance training (single-leg stance, wobble board, Y-balance drills). Sessions last 40-45 minutes and are conducted 3 times per week. Warm-up: 5-7 min light jogging/dynamic mobility. Main Training: 30 min combined strength and balance work. Cool-down: 5 min static stretching.
Aktiv komparator: Control Group: Balance and Core Training

Participants will receive a 6-week balance and core training program (3 sessions/week, 40-45 min).

Balance Component: Single-Leg Stance Firm→Foam (3×30 sec), Tandem Walking (3×10 m), Y-Balance Drill (3 trials each direction).

Core Component: Plank Hold (3×20 sec), Side Plank each side (3×15 sec), Dead Bug Exercise (3×10 reps).

Weekly progression: Week 1-2 basic level, Week 3-4 increased repetitions, Week 5-6 maintained progression.
Andet: Control : Balance and Core Training
A structured 6-week program combining balance training (single-leg stance on firm and foam surfaces, tandem walking, Y-balance drills) with core stabilization exercises (plank, side plank, dead bug). Sessions last 40-45 minutes, 3 times per week with the same warm-up and cool-down structure as the experimental group

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Kinesiophobia - Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-17)
Tidsramme: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
17-item self-report questionnaire measuring fear of movement and re-injury. Good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.70-0.86) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.72-0.90). Reduced scores indicate decreased kinesiophobia.
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Ankle Instability - Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT)
Tidsramme: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Validated questionnaire assessing functional ankle instability severity. Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.96) and internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.83). Increased post-intervention scores indicate improved perceived ankle stability
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Functional Ability - Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM)
Tidsramme: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Self-reported tool assessing functional limitations in foot and ankle disorders. Excellent internal consistency (α = 0.89-0.98) and reliability (ICC = 0.84-0.92) for ADL and Sports subscales. Increased scores indicate improved functional ability
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Dynamic Balance - Y Balance Test (YBT)
Tidsramme: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Measures dynamic balance and lower limb neuromuscular control. Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.85-0.91). Reach distances normalized to limb length. Increased post-intervention reach distance indicates improved ankle stability.
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Functional Performance - Single-Leg Hop Test
Tidsramme: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Reliable measure of lower limb strength, dynamic stability, and functional performance (ICC = 0.85-0.95). Increased hop distance and improved landing control indicate enhanced neuromuscular function.
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Agility and Performance - T-Test and Illinois Agility Test
Tidsramme: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Valid and reliable measures of agility and change-of-direction speed. T-Test (ICC = 0.90-0.98), Illinois Agility Test (ICC = 0.88-0.96). Reduced completion time indicates improved dynamic stability and neuromuscular control.
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Ibadat International University, Islamabad

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Hafsah Gul Khattak, DPT, MSNMPT, Ibadat International University, Islamabad (Iiui)

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

1. juli 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

1. september 2026

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

1. oktober 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

22. juni 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

22. juni 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

26. juni 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

26. juni 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

22. juni 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juni 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • IIUI/RERC/ADT/2026/05/261

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