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The Effect of a Preparation Video Using " Cartoon Animated Video Modeling" on Preoperative Anxiety Among Pre-School Children During The First Dental Visit: A Randomized Clinical Trial

16. juli 2026 opdateret af: Jordan University of Science and Technology

The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of cartoon animated video-modeling in reducing preoperative anxiety among pre-school children during the first dental visit. Secondary aims include assessing the effect on parental anxiety and overall parental satisfaction.

Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group, which will watch an animated video modeling the dental visit, or the control group, which will receive standard pre-visit information. Anxiety levels will be measured at five different time points.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Background: The first dental visit can be a very challenging experience for children, and anxiety at this stage may influence behaviour during treatment and future dental attendance.

Non-pharmacological interventions such as animated video modelling may help reduce preoperative anxiety.

Aim: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a cartoon animated video-modelling intervention in reducing preoperative anxiety among preschool children during their first dental visit. The secondary aim was to assess the effect of the intervention on parental anxiety.

Methods: This single-blinded randomised controlled trial was conducted at the Postgraduate Paediatric Dental Clinic at Jordan University of Science and Technology.

Ninety-four healthy children aged 4-6 years with no previous dental experience were randomly allocated to a video-modelling group or a control group (n = 47 per group).

Expected results: The study predicts animated videos will lower children's preoperative anxiety and improve the overall dental experience for both parent and child. This could lead to video modeling being used in pediatric dentistry, especially for low-income families, to reduce anxiety and improve patient outcomes.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

94

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Jordan
      • Irbid, Jordan, 22110
        • Jordan University of Science and Technology

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Barn

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Medically healthy children classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II.

    • Age 4-6 years.
    • Children presenting to the JUST postgraduate paediatric dental clinic with no previous dental visits.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Children with systemic medical conditions or with mental, cognitive, or intellectual disabilities.

    • Children with visual or hearing impairments.
    • Participants unwilling to complete subjective anxiety assessment scales due to elevated anxiety levels.
    • Children whose parents are unable to read or write.
    • Participants without access to internet services.
    • Children presenting with severe active dental pain and/or facial abscess, as these conditions may influence state anxiety.
    • Children with previous dental experience.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Støttende pleje
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: video-modelling group
Children allocated to the intervention group received a cartoon-animated video designed to familiarise them with their first dental visit.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Video modelling group
The cartoon-animated video followed a child character's journey from home to arrival at the clinic, introduction to the dentist, and progression through the dental visit. The video showed the child character progressing through the main stages of a routine dental visit, including seating in the dental chair, intra-oral examination, radiographic assessment in the radiography room, and preventive procedures.
Ingen indgriben: Control group
Children in the control group received routine care upon arrival at the clinic, which consisted of a verbal explanation of the planned procedures while in the waiting area.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in children's anxiety scores measured using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale
Tidsramme: Upon arrival at the clinic (T2), while seated in the dental chair (T3), immediately before the dental procedure (T4), and 10-15 minutes after completion of the procedure (T5)
Children's anxiety was assessed using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS), an observational behavioural scale evaluating anxiety-related behaviours across five domains: activity, vocalization, emotional expressivity, state of apparent arousal, and use of parents. Scores range from 23.33 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety. Assessments were conducted by a blinded research assistant upon arrival at the clinic (T2), while seated in the dental chair (T3), immediately before the dental procedure (T4), and 10-15 minutes after completion of the procedure (T5).
Upon arrival at the clinic (T2), while seated in the dental chair (T3), immediately before the dental procedure (T4), and 10-15 minutes after completion of the procedure (T5)
Change in children's anxiety scores measured using the Visual Facial Anxiety Scale (VFAS)
Tidsramme: Baseline (day prior to dental visit) through 10-15 minutes post-procedure
Children's self-reported anxiety was assessed using the Visual Facial Anxiety Scale (VFAS), a validated scale consisting of facial expressions representing increasing levels of anxiety. Children selected the face that best reflects their anxiety level at each time point. Assessments were conducted at baseline (T1), upon arrival at the clinic (T2), while seated in the dental chair (T3), immediately before the procedure (T4), and 10-15 minutes after completion of the procedure (T5). Scores range from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety.
Baseline (day prior to dental visit) through 10-15 minutes post-procedure

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in parental anxiety scores measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State Subscale
Tidsramme: Day before the dental appointment (T1) and 10-15 minutes after completion of the child's dental procedure (T5)
Parental anxiety was assessed using the State subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-State), which measures situational anxiety at the time of assessment. Scores range from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety. Parents completed the questionnaire on the day before the dental appointment (T1) and again 10-15 minutes after completion of the child's dental procedure (T5).
Day before the dental appointment (T1) and 10-15 minutes after completion of the child's dental procedure (T5)

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Jordan University of Science and Technology

Efterforskere

  • Studieleder: Mawia Bataineh, Jordan University of Science and Technology

Publikationer og nyttige links

Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.

Generelle publikationer

Hjælpsomme links

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

1. februar 2025

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

1. december 2025

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

3. marts 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

25. marts 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

16. juli 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

20. juli 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

20. juli 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

16. juli 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juli 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 20240602

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

UBESLUTET

IPD-planbeskrivelse

It depends on the institution's policy on sharing results

Studiedata/dokumenter

  1. Studieprotokol
    Oplysningskommentarer: study protocol not published
  2. Formular til informeret samtykke
    Oplysningskommentarer: informed consent not published

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