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Health Belief Model-Based Vulvar Self-Examination Education

1. Juni 2026 aktualisiert von: Ozge AYDOGAN ASIR, Eskisehir Osmangazi University

Effectiveness of a Health Belief Model-Based Vulvar Self-Examination Education Program on Women's Health Beliefs and Awareness: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a Health Belief Model-based Vulvar Self-Examination (VSE) education program on women's health beliefs, vulvar health awareness, and vulvar self-examination behaviors. Vulvar diseases and symptoms are often overlooked due to insufficient awareness, stigma, and limited knowledge regarding vulvar health. Early recognition of vulvar symptoms may contribute to timely diagnosis and treatment of vulvar disorders.

Participants in the intervention group received a structured Health Belief Model-based education program on vulvar self-examination, while the control group received routine information. Data were collected using participant information forms, vulvar health awareness assessments, and Health Belief Model-based scales before and after the intervention.

The primary aim of the study was to improve women's awareness and health beliefs regarding vulvar self-examination. Secondary outcomes included changes in vulvar self-examination practices and vulvar health literacy. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to preventive women's health practices and early recognition of vulvar health problems.

Studienübersicht

Status

Abgeschlossen

Bedingungen

Intervention / Behandlung

Detaillierte Beschreibung

This study was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a Health Belief Model-based Vulvar Self-Examination (VSE) education program among women. Vulvar diseases are common conditions affecting women's health; however, awareness regarding vulvar health and self-examination practices remains limited. Delayed recognition of vulvar symptoms may negatively affect early diagnosis and timely treatment of vulvar disorders.

The educational intervention was developed based on the constructs of the Health Belief Model, including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action. The intervention aimed to improve women's awareness, knowledge, and preventive health behaviors related to vulvar health and vulvar self-examination.

Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Women in the intervention group received a structured education program including information about vulvar anatomy, vulvar symptoms, vulvar hygiene, warning signs requiring medical evaluation, and the steps of vulvar self-examination. Educational materials included visual and written content designed to enhance self-efficacy and promote regular self-examination behavior. The control group received routine health information.

Data were collected before and after the intervention using participant information forms, vulvar health awareness assessments, and Health Belief Model-based scales. The primary outcome of the study was improvement in women's health beliefs and awareness regarding vulvar self-examination. Secondary outcomes included changes in vulvar self-examination practices and vulvar health literacy levels.

The findings of this study are expected to contribute to preventive women's health services by supporting early recognition of vulvar health problems and improving women's self-care behaviors related to vulvar health.

Studientyp

Interventionell

Einschreibung (Tatsächlich)

203

Phase

  • Unzutreffend

Kontakte und Standorte

Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Kontaktdaten derjenigen, die die Studie durchführen, und Informationen darüber, wo diese Studie durchgeführt wird.

Studienorte

Teilnahmekriterien

Forscher suchen nach Personen, die einer bestimmten Beschreibung entsprechen, die als Auswahlkriterien bezeichnet werden. Einige Beispiele für diese Kriterien sind der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand einer Person oder frühere Behandlungen.

Zulassungskriterien

Studienberechtigtes Alter

  • Erwachsene
  • Älterer Erwachsener

Akzeptiert gesunde Freiwillige

Ja

Beschreibung

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Women aged 18 years and older
  • Not having received prior education on vulvar self-examination
  • Not having a diagnosis of vulvar cancer
  • Agreeing to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having a known history of genital disease
  • Having visual or cognitive impairments that may prevent active participation in the educational intervention

Studienplan

Dieser Abschnitt enthält Einzelheiten zum Studienplan, einschließlich des Studiendesigns und der Messung der Studieninhalte.

Wie ist die Studie aufgebaut?

Designdetails

  • Hauptzweck: Verhütung
  • Zuteilung: Zufällig
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallele Zuordnung
  • Maskierung: Doppelt

Waffen und Interventionen

Teilnehmergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandlung
Experimental: Self-Examination of the Vulva Education Group
Participants in this group received education on self-examination of the vulva, including vulvar anatomy, vulvar symptoms, warning signs, guided practice, educational materials, and counseling support.
Verhalten: Self-Examination of the Vulva Education Program
Participants received education on self-examination of the vulva, including vulvar anatomy, vulvar symptoms, warning signs, guided practice, educational materials, reminder messages, and counseling support.
Kein Eingriff: Routine Information Control Group
Participants in this group received routine health information only.

Was misst die Studie?

Primäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Champion Health Belief Model Scale Score for Vulvar Self-Examination
Zeitfenster: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
Change in women's health beliefs regarding self-examination of the vulva (SEV), assessed using the Champion Health Belief Model Scale adapted for SEV. The scale includes perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy/confidence. Higher scores indicate stronger health beliefs regarding SEV.
Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention

Sekundäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Vulvar Health Awareness Score
Zeitfenster: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
Change in vulvar health awareness, assessed using the Vulvar Health Awareness and Vulvar Health Literacy Form (VSF-VSOF), a researcher-developed instrument. Scores were measured at baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention; higher scores indicate greater vulvar health awareness.
Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
Vulvar Health Literacy Score
Zeitfenster: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
Change in vulvar health literacy, assessed using the Vulvar Health Awareness and Vulvar Health Literacy Form (VSF-VSOF), a researcher-developed instrument. Scores were measured at baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention; higher scores indicate greater vulvar health literacy.
Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
Self-Examination of the Vulva (SEV) Behavior
Zeitfenster: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
Change in self-examination of the vulva (SEV) behavior, assessed using the SEV practice item of the Vulvar Health Awareness and Vulvar Health Literacy Form (VSF-VSOF). Measurements were obtained at baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention; higher scores indicate greater engagement in SEV behavior.
Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention

Mitarbeiter und Ermittler

Hier finden Sie Personen und Organisationen, die an dieser Studie beteiligt sind.

Sponsor

Eskisehir Osmangazi University

Ermittler

  • Hauptermittler: Özge A Aydoğan Aşır, RN, PhD, Ankara Medipol University
  • Hauptermittler: Özge A Aşır Aşır, RN, PhD, Ankara Medipol University

Studienaufzeichnungsdaten

Diese Daten verfolgen den Fortschritt der Übermittlung von Studienaufzeichnungen und zusammenfassenden Ergebnissen an ClinicalTrials.gov. Studienaufzeichnungen und gemeldete Ergebnisse werden von der National Library of Medicine (NLM) überprüft, um sicherzustellen, dass sie bestimmten Qualitätskontrollstandards entsprechen, bevor sie auf der öffentlichen Website veröffentlicht werden.

Haupttermine studieren

Studienbeginn (Tatsächlich)

4. August 2025

Primärer Abschluss (Tatsächlich)

9. September 2025

Studienabschluss (Tatsächlich)

10. Oktober 2025

Studienanmeldedaten

Zuerst eingereicht

18. Mai 2026

Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat

1. Juni 2026

Zuerst gepostet (Tatsächlich)

2. Juni 2026

Studienaufzeichnungsaktualisierungen

Letztes Update gepostet (Tatsächlich)

2. Juni 2026

Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt

1. Juni 2026

Zuletzt verifiziert

1. Juni 2026

Mehr Informationen

Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit dieser Studie

Schlüsselwörter

Zusätzliche relevante MeSH-Bedingungen

Andere Studien-ID-Nummern

  • KKVM-RCT-2026-01
  • E-85859696-604.01.01-4661 (Andere Kennung: Ankara Medipol University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee)

Plan für individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD)

Planen Sie, individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD) zu teilen?

NEIN

Beschreibung des IPD-Plans

Individual participant data will not be shared due to privacy and confidentiality considerations related to sensitive women's health information.

Arzneimittel- und Geräteinformationen, Studienunterlagen

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Arzneimittelprodukt

Nein

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Geräteprodukt

Nein

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