Health Belief Model-Based Vulvar Self-Examination Education
Effectiveness of a Health Belief Model-Based Vulvar Self-Examination Education Program on Women's Health Beliefs and Awareness: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a Health Belief Model-based Vulvar Self-Examination (VSE) education program on women's health beliefs, vulvar health awareness, and vulvar self-examination behaviors. Vulvar diseases and symptoms are often overlooked due to insufficient awareness, stigma, and limited knowledge regarding vulvar health. Early recognition of vulvar symptoms may contribute to timely diagnosis and treatment of vulvar disorders.
Participants in the intervention group received a structured Health Belief Model-based education program on vulvar self-examination, while the control group received routine information. Data were collected using participant information forms, vulvar health awareness assessments, and Health Belief Model-based scales before and after the intervention.
The primary aim of the study was to improve women's awareness and health beliefs regarding vulvar self-examination. Secondary outcomes included changes in vulvar self-examination practices and vulvar health literacy. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to preventive women's health practices and early recognition of vulvar health problems.
Przegląd badań
Status
Interwencja / Leczenie
Szczegółowy opis
This study was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a Health Belief Model-based Vulvar Self-Examination (VSE) education program among women. Vulvar diseases are common conditions affecting women's health; however, awareness regarding vulvar health and self-examination practices remains limited. Delayed recognition of vulvar symptoms may negatively affect early diagnosis and timely treatment of vulvar disorders.
The educational intervention was developed based on the constructs of the Health Belief Model, including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action. The intervention aimed to improve women's awareness, knowledge, and preventive health behaviors related to vulvar health and vulvar self-examination.
Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Women in the intervention group received a structured education program including information about vulvar anatomy, vulvar symptoms, vulvar hygiene, warning signs requiring medical evaluation, and the steps of vulvar self-examination. Educational materials included visual and written content designed to enhance self-efficacy and promote regular self-examination behavior. The control group received routine health information.
Data were collected before and after the intervention using participant information forms, vulvar health awareness assessments, and Health Belief Model-based scales. The primary outcome of the study was improvement in women's health beliefs and awareness regarding vulvar self-examination. Secondary outcomes included changes in vulvar self-examination practices and vulvar health literacy levels.
The findings of this study are expected to contribute to preventive women's health services by supporting early recognition of vulvar health problems and improving women's self-care behaviors related to vulvar health.
Typ studiów
Zapisy (Rzeczywisty)
Faza
- Nie dotyczy
Kontakty i lokalizacje
Lokalizacje studiów
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-
Ankara
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Ankara, Ankara, Turcja (Türkiye)
- Ankara Medipol University
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Kryteria uczestnictwa
Kryteria kwalifikacji
Wiek uprawniający do nauki
- Dorosły
- Starszy dorosły
Akceptuje zdrowych ochotników
Opis
Inclusion Criteria:
- Women aged 18 years and older
- Not having received prior education on vulvar self-examination
- Not having a diagnosis of vulvar cancer
- Agreeing to participate in the study
Exclusion Criteria:
- Having a known history of genital disease
- Having visual or cognitive impairments that may prevent active participation in the educational intervention
Plan studiów
Jak projektuje się badanie?
Szczegóły projektu
- Główny cel: Zapobieganie
- Przydział: Randomizowane
- Model interwencyjny: Przydział równoległy
- Maskowanie: Podwójnie
Broń i interwencje
Grupa uczestników / Arm |
Interwencja / Leczenie |
|---|---|
|
Eksperymentalny: Self-Examination of the Vulva Education Group
Participants in this group received education on self-examination of the vulva, including vulvar anatomy, vulvar symptoms, warning signs, guided practice, educational materials, and counseling support.
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Participants received education on self-examination of the vulva, including vulvar anatomy, vulvar symptoms, warning signs, guided practice, educational materials, reminder messages, and counseling support.
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Brak interwencji: Routine Information Control Group
Participants in this group received routine health information only.
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Co mierzy badanie?
Podstawowe miary wyniku
Miara wyniku |
Opis środka |
Ramy czasowe |
|---|---|---|
|
Champion Health Belief Model Scale Score for Vulvar Self-Examination
Ramy czasowe: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
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Change in women's health beliefs regarding self-examination of the vulva (SEV), assessed using the Champion Health Belief Model Scale adapted for SEV.
The scale includes perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy/confidence.
Higher scores indicate stronger health beliefs regarding SEV.
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Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
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Miary wyników drugorzędnych
Miara wyniku |
Opis środka |
Ramy czasowe |
|---|---|---|
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Vulvar Health Awareness Score
Ramy czasowe: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
|
Change in vulvar health awareness, assessed using the Vulvar Health Awareness and Vulvar Health Literacy Form (VSF-VSOF), a researcher-developed instrument.
Scores were measured at baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention; higher scores indicate greater vulvar health awareness.
|
Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
|
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Vulvar Health Literacy Score
Ramy czasowe: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
|
Change in vulvar health literacy, assessed using the Vulvar Health Awareness and Vulvar Health Literacy Form (VSF-VSOF), a researcher-developed instrument.
Scores were measured at baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention; higher scores indicate greater vulvar health literacy.
|
Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
|
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Self-Examination of the Vulva (SEV) Behavior
Ramy czasowe: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
|
Change in self-examination of the vulva (SEV) behavior, assessed using the SEV practice item of the Vulvar Health Awareness and Vulvar Health Literacy Form (VSF-VSOF).
Measurements were obtained at baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention; higher scores indicate greater engagement in SEV behavior.
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Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
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Współpracownicy i badacze
Sponsor
Śledczy
- Główny śledczy: Özge A Aydoğan Aşır, RN, PhD, Ankara Medipol University
- Główny śledczy: Özge A Aşır Aşır, RN, PhD, Ankara Medipol University
Daty zapisu na studia
Główne daty studiów
Rozpoczęcie studiów (Rzeczywisty)
Zakończenie podstawowe (Rzeczywisty)
Ukończenie studiów (Rzeczywisty)
Daty rejestracji na studia
Pierwszy przesłany
Pierwszy przesłany, który spełnia kryteria kontroli jakości
Pierwszy wysłany (Rzeczywisty)
Aktualizacje rekordów badań
Ostatnia wysłana aktualizacja (Rzeczywisty)
Ostatnia przesłana aktualizacja, która spełniała kryteria kontroli jakości
Ostatnia weryfikacja
Więcej informacji
Terminy związane z tym badaniem
Słowa kluczowe
Dodatkowe istotne warunki MeSH
Inne numery identyfikacyjne badania
- KKVM-RCT-2026-01
- E-85859696-604.01.01-4661 (Inny identyfikator: Ankara Medipol University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee)
Plan dla danych uczestnika indywidualnego (IPD)
Planujesz udostępniać dane poszczególnych uczestników (IPD)?
Opis planu IPD
Informacje o lekach i urządzeniach, dokumenty badawcze
Bada produkt leczniczy regulowany przez amerykańską FDA
Bada produkt urządzenia regulowany przez amerykańską FDA
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