Botswana TDF/FTC Oral HIV Prophylaxis Trial (TDF2)
24 de enero de 2020 actualizado por: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Daily Oral Antiretroviral Use for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Heterosexually Active Young Adults in Botswana
This study tested whether taking a pill of tenofovir and emtricitabine (two antiretroviral medicines) was safe for sexually-active young adults in Botswana without HIV infection and whether it reduced their risk of getting an HIV infection.
Descripción general del estudio
Estado
Terminado
Condiciones
Intervención / Tratamiento
Descripción detallada
Twelve hundred and nineteen healthy, sexually active women and men, 18-39 years old, without HIV infection were enrolled in Francistown and Gaborone, Botswana.
They were provided with free male and female condoms, repeated individualized risk-reduction counseling, diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, and women will be provided with a choice of effective family planning methods.
In addition, volunteers were randomized to receive either Tenofovir and emtricitabine (in a single pill) or a placebo pill to take once a day.
Volunteers were seen monthly for at least 12 months to monitor for side effects and toxicities and to test their HIV status.
Persons who become HIV infected during the trial received ongoing supportive counseling, CD4 and viral load monitoring, education about HIV infection/disease, and access to HIV care including free antiretrovirals when clinically indicated.
Volunteer safety was monitored by a local ethics committee, Centers for Disease Control Institutional Review Board (CDC IRB) and an independent data safety and monitoring board
Tipo de estudio
Intervencionista
Inscripción (Actual)
1219
Fase
- Fase 2
- Fase 3
Contactos y Ubicaciones
Esta sección proporciona los datos de contacto de quienes realizan el estudio e información sobre dónde se lleva a cabo este estudio.
Ubicaciones de estudio
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Gaborone, Botsuana
- BOTUSA HIV Prevention Research Unit
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Georgia
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Atlanta, Georgia, Estados Unidos, 30333
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Criterios de participación
Los investigadores buscan personas que se ajusten a una determinada descripción, denominada criterio de elegibilidad. Algunos ejemplos de estos criterios son el estado de salud general de una persona o tratamientos previos.
Criterio de elegibilidad
Edades elegibles para estudiar
18 años a 39 años (Adulto)
Acepta Voluntarios Saludables
Sí
Géneros elegibles para el estudio
Todos
Descripción
Inclusion Criteria:
- citizen of Botswana 18-39 years old
- sexually active
- HIV uninfected
- Hepatitis B and C uninfected
- Calculated creatinine clearance >= 60 mL/min
- hemoglobin >= 8 gm/dL
- ALT and AST <= 2x ULN
- total bilirubin <= 1.5 mg/dL
- total serum amylase <= 1.5x ULN
- Serum phosphorus >= 2.2 mg/dL
- willing to use hormonal contraception (females)
- living within 1 hours travel of study clinic
- pass comprehension test
- willing and able to give informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- 18-20 without parent/guardian consent
- history of significant renal or bone disease
- any chronic illness requiring ongoing prescription medication
- pregnant or breastfeeding
- planning to move away from site in the next year
- participating in another HIV prevention or vaccine safety trial
- any other clinical condition or prior therapy that, in the opinion of the study physician, would make the volunteer unsuitable for the study or unable to comply with the dosing requirements
Plan de estudios
Esta sección proporciona detalles del plan de estudio, incluido cómo está diseñado el estudio y qué mide el estudio.
¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?
Detalles de diseño
- Propósito principal: Prevención
- Asignación: Aleatorizado
- Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación paralela
- Enmascaramiento: Triple
Armas e Intervenciones
Grupo de participantes/brazo |
Intervención / Tratamiento |
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Comparador activo: TDF-FTC,condoms,adh/risk counseling
Eligible participants were randomized to oral Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate 300 mg + Emtricitabine 200 mg (TDF-FTC) once daily in the form of a single tablet.
The ratio of randomization was 1:1.
Participants randomized to the active arm received male and female condoms, risk reduction counseling, adherence counseling, and routine monitoring for HIV infection, laboratory abnormalities, and adverse events.
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Otros nombres:
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Comparador de placebos: Placebo,condoms,adh/risk counseling
Eligible participants were randomized to the placebo arm and received placebo oral tablets that were visually identical to the TDF-FTC tablet and taken once daily.
The placebo tablets contained no active ingredients.
The ratio of randomization was 1:1.
Participants randomized to the placebo arm received male and female condoms, personalized risk reduction counseling, adherence counseling, and routine monitoring for HIV infection, laboratory abnormalities, and adverse events.
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Otros nombres:
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¿Qué mide el estudio?
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
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Percentage of Participants With Adverse Drug Reactions in the Tenofovir/Emtricitabine and Placebo Arms
Periodo de tiempo: Monthly, for up to 3 years
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Study visits were scheduled every 30 days until completion of the study, and participants were instructed to return to the clinic for evaluation in the event of an illness.
Participants reported any adverse effects at monthly visits and interim visits.
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Monthly, for up to 3 years
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HIV Incidence in the Tenofovir/Emtricitabine and Placebo Arms
Periodo de tiempo: Monthly, for up to 3 years
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Study visits were scheduled every 30 days until completion of the study and during monthly study visits, we performed testing for HIV infection.
At completion of the study, we tested all participants for HIV infection, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The primary efficacy end point was the difference in the rates of HIV infection between participants assigned to receive TDF-FTC and those assigned to receive placebo.
The initial efficacy analysis included all study participants who were randomly assigned to receive a study medication (intention-to-treat cohort).
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Monthly, for up to 3 years
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Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
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Changes in Condom Use During Study: Number of Participants With >=1 Condomless Sex Acts
Periodo de tiempo: 12 months
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We assessed condom use of the enrolled participants by face-to-face interviews (at baseline and monthly thereafter) and provided a comprehensive package of HIV prevention services, including individualized counseling on risk reduction, free male and female condoms, and screening for sexually transmitted infections followed, if applicable, by partner notification and treatment.
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12 months
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Rates of Adherence to Study Medication
Periodo de tiempo: 36 months
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The rates of adherence to study medication by treatment arm was assessed over the entire course of the study.
This comparison was done by assessing the percentage of pills taken by participants within each study arm.
The difference between the 2 arms was compared with a Fisher' exact test.
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36 months
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Antiretroviral (ARV) Resistance Patterns in Seroconverters
Periodo de tiempo: At time HIV infection diagnosed,1 month post-time of HIV infection diagnosis, and 6 months post-time of HIV infection diagnosis
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Participants who seroconverted had blood samples taken at the time of infection and at one month and six months post seroconversion to detect any HIV resistance mutations.
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At time HIV infection diagnosed,1 month post-time of HIV infection diagnosis, and 6 months post-time of HIV infection diagnosis
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CD4 Evaluation After HIV Seroconversion
Periodo de tiempo: 1-year post seroconversion
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Study medication was stopped when HIV infected was diagnosed.
Seroconvertors were referred for clinical care and followed an additional year with scheduled quarterly CD4+ cell count assessments.
A model-estimated geometric mean of the CD4+ cell counts by each treatment group was evaluated.
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1-year post seroconversion
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
Aquí es donde encontrará personas y organizaciones involucradas en este estudio.
Patrocinador
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: Michael Thigpen, MD MPH, National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Investigador principal: Lynn Paxton, MD MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Publicaciones y enlaces útiles
La persona responsable de ingresar información sobre el estudio proporciona voluntariamente estas publicaciones. Estos pueden ser sobre cualquier cosa relacionada con el estudio.
Publicaciones Generales
- Toledo L, McLellan-Lemal E, Henderson FL, Kebaabetswe PM. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Experiences of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Trial Participants in Botswana. World J AIDS. 2015 Mar;5(2):10-20. doi: 10.4236/wja.2015.51002. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
- Kasonde M, Niska RW, Rose C, Henderson FL, Segolodi TM, Turner K, Smith DK, Thigpen MC, Paxton LA. Bone mineral density changes among HIV-uninfected young adults in a randomised trial of pre-exposure prophylaxis with tenofovir-emtricitabine or placebo in Botswana. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 13;9(3):e90111. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090111. eCollection 2014.
- Chirwa LI, Johnson JA, Niska RW, Segolodi TM, Henderson FL, Rose CE, Li JF, Thigpen MC, Matlhaba O, Paxton LA, Brooks JT. CD4(+) cell count, viral load, and drug resistance patterns among heterosexual breakthrough HIV infections in a study of oral preexposure prophylaxis. AIDS. 2014 Jan 14;28(2):223-6. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000102.
- Kebaabetswe PM, Stirratt MJ, McLellan-Lemal E, Henderson FL, Gray SC, Rose CE, Williams T, Paxton LA. Factors Associated with Adherence and Concordance Between Measurement Strategies in an HIV Daily Oral Tenofovir/Emtricitibine as Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (Prep) Clinical Trial, Botswana, 2007-2010. AIDS Behav. 2015 May;19(5):758-69. doi: 10.1007/s10461-014-0891-z.
- Segolodi TM, Henderson FL, Rose CE, Turner KT, Zeh C, Fonjungo PN, Niska R, Hart C, Paxton LA. Normal laboratory reference intervals among healthy adults screened for a HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis clinical trial in Botswana. PLoS One. 2014 Apr 8;9(4):e93034. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093034. eCollection 2014.
- Thigpen MC, Kebaabetswe PM, Paxton LA, Smith DK, Rose CE, Segolodi TM, Henderson FL, Pathak SR, Soud FA, Chillag KL, Mutanhaurwa R, Chirwa LI, Kasonde M, Abebe D, Buliva E, Gvetadze RJ, Johnson S, Sukalac T, Thomas VT, Hart C, Johnson JA, Malotte CK, Hendrix CW, Brooks JT; TDF2 Study Group. Antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis for heterosexual HIV transmission in Botswana. N Engl J Med. 2012 Aug 2;367(5):423-34. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1110711. Epub 2012 Jul 11.
- Gust DA, Soud F, Hardnett FP, Malotte CK, Rose C, Kebaabetswe P, Makgekgenene L, Henderson F, Paxton L, Segolodi T, Kilmarx PH. Evaluation of Sexual Risk Behavior Among Study Participants in the TDF2 PrEP Study Among Heterosexual Adults in Botswana. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2016 Dec 15;73(5):556-563. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001143.
Fechas de registro del estudio
Estas fechas rastrean el progreso del registro del estudio y los envíos de resultados resumidos a ClinicalTrials.gov. Los registros del estudio y los resultados informados son revisados por la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM) para asegurarse de que cumplan con los estándares de control de calidad específicos antes de publicarlos en el sitio web público.
Fechas importantes del estudio
Inicio del estudio
1 de marzo de 2007
Finalización primaria (Actual)
1 de marzo de 2011
Finalización del estudio (Actual)
1 de marzo de 2011
Fechas de registro del estudio
Enviado por primera vez
16 de marzo de 2007
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
16 de marzo de 2007
Publicado por primera vez (Estimar)
19 de marzo de 2007
Actualizaciones de registros de estudio
Última actualización publicada (Actual)
5 de febrero de 2020
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
24 de enero de 2020
Última verificación
1 de febrero de 2016
Más información
Términos relacionados con este estudio
Palabras clave
Términos MeSH relevantes adicionales
- Infecciones por virus de ARN
- Enfermedades virales
- Infecciones transmitidas por la sangre
- Enfermedades contagiosas
- Enfermedades De Transmisión Sexual Virales
- Enfermedades de transmisión sexual
- Infecciones por lentivirus
- Infecciones por retroviridae
- Síndromes de deficiencia inmunológica
- Enfermedades del sistema inmunológico
- Enfermedades de virus lentos
- Infecciones por VIH
- Infecciones
- Síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida
- Mecanismos moleculares de acción farmacológica
- Agentes antiinfecciosos
- Agentes Antivirales
- Inhibidores de la transcriptasa inversa
- Inhibidores de la síntesis de ácidos nucleicos
- Inhibidores de enzimas
- Agentes Anti-VIH
- Agentes antirretrovirales
- Tenofovir
- Emtricitabina
Otros números de identificación del estudio
- CDC-NCHHSTP-4940
- BOTUSA MB06 (Otro identificador: CDC-BOTUSA)
Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)
¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?
INDECISO
Descripción del plan IPD
Data sharing will be governed by prevailing CDC data sharing policies.
Esta información se obtuvo directamente del sitio web clinicaltrials.gov sin cambios. Si tiene alguna solicitud para cambiar, eliminar o actualizar los detalles de su estudio, comuníquese con register@clinicaltrials.gov. Tan pronto como se implemente un cambio en clinicaltrials.gov, también se actualizará automáticamente en nuestro sitio web. .