The Impact of a Helicopter Emergency Medical System on Prognosis in Stroke Patients
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, and 15 million people suffer a stroke each year; one-third die and one-third are left permanently disabled. Because the risk of stroke increases with age, it has been considered a disease of the elderly, but stroke also occurs in middle-aged people.
Thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the preferred choice of reperfusion therapy of ischemic stroke if performed within 4.5 hours from symptom onset. Time to thrombolysis is associated with improved outcome: the sooner the treatment, the less risk of serious - and possibly permanent - damage to the brain. Unfortunately, only a small fraction of stroke patients make it to thrombolysis within the 4.5-hour; one explanation may be system delays including prolonged transportation.
In May 2010, the first physician-staffed Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) was implemented in the Eastern part of Denmark. An observational study evaluating the short-term effects of HEMS implementation compared patients transported by conventional ground ambulance (Ground Emergency Medical Service (GEMS)) to patients transported by HEMS. Patients transported by helicopter had increased time to specialized care. However, both 30-day and 1-year mortality was slightly lower in patients transported by HEMS, although not significant, as was the degree of disability at three months measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS).
Descripción general del estudio
Estado
Condiciones
Tipo de estudio
Inscripción (Actual)
Criterios de participación
Criterio de elegibilidad
Edades elegibles para estudiar
- Niño
- Adulto
- Adulto Mayor
Acepta Voluntarios Saludables
Géneros elegibles para el estudio
Método de muestreo
Población de estudio
All patients arriving at the regional stroke unit at Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, suspected of an acute vascular condition within the geographical area covered by both HEMS and GEMS in a 40-month period from January 1st 2010 until April 30th 2013.
The geographical catchment area is defined as the area from where HEMS transported patients the first year of implementation.
We compare stroke patients transported by HEMS with stroke patients transported by GEMS.
Descripción
Inclusion Criteria:
- All patients arriving at the regional stroke unit at Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, suspected of an acute vascular condition within the geographical area covered by both HEMS and GEMS in a 40-month period from January 1st 2010 until April 30th 2013.
Exclusion Criteria:
- For patients with multiple contacts; only the first contact is included in the data for analysis.
Plan de estudios
¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?
Detalles de diseño
- Modelos observacionales: Grupo
- Perspectivas temporales: Futuro
Cohortes e Intervenciones
Grupo / Cohorte |
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HEMS patients
Patients suspected of suffering from a vascular condition within the geographical area covered by both HEMS and GEMS, and were transported by Helicopter Emergency Medical System (HEMS) to the regional stroke unit at Copenhagen University Hospital Roskilde in a 36-month period from May 1st 2010 until April 30th 2013.
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GEMS patients
Patients suspected of suffering from a vascular condition within the geographical area covered by both HEMS and GEMS, and were transported by Ground Emergency Medical System (GEMS) to the regional stroke unit at Copenhagen University Hospital Roskilde in a 40-month period from January 1st 2010 until April 30th 2013.
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¿Qué mide el estudio?
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
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Risk of death during follow-up
Periodo de tiempo: 2 - 5.5 years after admission to the stroke unit.
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Mortality during the follow-up period will be analysed for differences between GEMS and HEMS.
Follow-up period is until May 1st 2015.
Because of varying access to information on covariates depending on the diagnosis and treatment of the patient, we conduct the analysis as follows: 1) the whole study population; adjusted for sex and age, 2) patients who were suspected of suffering from a vascular condition; adjusted for sex, age and comorbidity (defined as one of the following conditions; diabetes, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, previous myocardial infarction, and previous stroke), and 3) patients who underwent thrombolysis; adjustment for sex, age, comorbidity, and initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score.
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2 - 5.5 years after admission to the stroke unit.
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Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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The risk of death at 30 day.
Periodo de tiempo: 30 days after admission to the stroke unit.
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Patients are divided into the same three sub-groups and adjusted for the same potential confounders as described in the primary outcome analysis.
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30 days after admission to the stroke unit.
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Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) after three months.
Periodo de tiempo: Three months
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Assessed in patients who underwent thrombolysis.
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Three months
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The risk of involuntary early retirement during the follow-up period.
Periodo de tiempo: 2 - 5.5 years after admission to the stroke unit.
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Assessed in all patients suspected of suffering from a vascular condition between 18 and 60 years of age to ensure a sample that was at risk of involuntary early retirement during the full follow-up period.
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2 - 5.5 years after admission to the stroke unit.
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The risk of reduced workability two years after the vascular event
Periodo de tiempo: Two years after admission to the stroke unit
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Assessed in all patients suspected of suffering from a vascular condition between 18 and 60 years of age to ensure a sample that was at risk of involuntary early retirement during the full follow-up period.
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Two years after admission to the stroke unit
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The percentage of time on social transfer payments during the first two years.
Periodo de tiempo: Two years after admission to the stroke unit
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Assessed in all patients suspected of suffering from a vascular condition between 18 and 60 years of age to ensure a sample that was at risk of involuntary early retirement during the full follow-up period.
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Two years after admission to the stroke unit
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: Kamilia S. Funder, MD, Department Of Anesthesia, Center of Head and Orthopedics, section 4231, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet
- Director de estudio: Jacob Steinmetz, MD, PhD, Department Of Anesthesia, Center of Head and Orthopedics, section 4231, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet
Publicaciones y enlaces útiles
Publicaciones Generales
- Wahlgren N, Ahmed N, Davalos A, Hacke W, Millan M, Muir K, Roine RO, Toni D, Lees KR; SITS investigators. Thrombolysis with alteplase 3-4.5 h after acute ischaemic stroke (SITS-ISTR): an observational study. Lancet. 2008 Oct 11;372(9646):1303-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61339-2. Epub 2008 Sep 12.
- Hesselfeldt R, Gyllenborg J, Steinmetz J, Do HQ, Hejselbaek J, Rasmussen LS. Is air transport of stroke patients faster than ground transport? A prospective controlled observational study. Emerg Med J. 2014 Apr;31(4):268-72. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2012-202270. Epub 2013 Feb 6.
- Funder KS, Rasmussen LS, Lohse N, Hesselfeldt R, Siersma V, Gyllenborg J, Wulffeld S, Hendriksen OM, Lippert FK, Steinmetz J. The impact of a physician-staffed helicopter on outcome in patients admitted to a stroke unit: a prospective observational study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2017 Feb 23;25(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s13049-017-0363-3.
Fechas de registro del estudio
Fechas importantes del estudio
Inicio del estudio
Finalización primaria (Actual)
Finalización del estudio (Actual)
Fechas de registro del estudio
Enviado por primera vez
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Publicado por primera vez (Estimar)
Actualizaciones de registros de estudio
Última actualización publicada (Estimar)
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Última verificación
Más información
Términos relacionados con este estudio
Palabras clave
Términos MeSH relevantes adicionales
Otros números de identificación del estudio
- ALH3-KF-2015
Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio
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