Cariprazine and akathisia, restlessness, and extrapyramidal symptoms in patients with bipolar depression
Leslie Citrome, Lakshmi N Yatham, Mehul D Patel, Ágota Barabássy, Arlene Hankinson, Willie R Earley, Leslie Citrome, Lakshmi N Yatham, Mehul D Patel, Ágota Barabássy, Arlene Hankinson, Willie R Earley
Abstract
Background: Akathisia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome that is commonly related to the use of dopamine receptor antagonists/partial agonists. The characteristics of cariprazine-related akathisia, restlessness, and extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) were investigated in patients with bipolar I depression.
Methods: Akathisia-related data from 3 fixed-dose clinical studies of cariprazine 1.5 mg/d and 3 mg/d in bipolar depression were evaluated in pooled post hoc analyses. Outcomes related to treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) included incidence, time to onset, time to resolution, severity, discontinuations, and rescue medication use.
Results: The incidence of akathisia was 7.6% for overall cariprazine (1.5 mg/d=5.5%; 3 mg/d=9.6%) and 2.1% for placebo; acute EPS occurred in 4.5% of cariprazine-treated (1.5 mg/d=3.8%; 3 mg/d=5.1%) and 2.1% of placebo-treated patients. Findings were similar for restlessness. Most TEAEs were mild/moderate (>95%), occurred during the first 3 weeks of cariprazine initiation or dose increase, and resulted in few discontinuations (<3%); median time to resolution of an akathisia or EPS TEAE after the last dose of cariprazine was ~1 week. Rescue medication was used by <3% of patients to manage akathisia/EPS events.
Limitations: Post hoc analyses; no active comparator.
Conclusions: In patients with bipolar depression, the incidence of cariprazine-related akathisia was higher than acute EPS or restlessness, with lower cariprazine doses associated with lower incidences of events. Akathisia and EPS TEAEs occurred early in treatment and were mild/moderate in severity. Few patients with akathisia or acute EPS discontinued treatment. Cariprazine-related akathisia and EPS can be minimized with conservative dosing and titration strategies.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT01396447, NCT02670538, NCT02670551.
Keywords: Akathisia; Bipolar depression; Cariprazine; Extrapyramidal symptoms; Restlessness.
Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Source: PubMed