A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Baduanjin Qigong for Health Benefits: Randomized Controlled Trials

Liye Zou, Jeffer Eidi SasaKi, Huiru Wang, Zhongjun Xiao, Qun Fang, Mark Zhang, Liye Zou, Jeffer Eidi SasaKi, Huiru Wang, Zhongjun Xiao, Qun Fang, Mark Zhang

Abstract

Objective. To investigate the effects of practicing Baduanjin Qigong on different health outcomes. Methods. Six electronic databases were used for literature search through entering the following key words: Baduanjin Qigong, quality of life, sleep quality, and health-related outcomes. Results. Nineteen randomized controlled trials were used for meta-analysis. The aggregated results from this systematic review have shown significant benefits in favour of Baduanjin Qigong on quality of life (SMD, -0.75; 95% CI -1.26 to -0.24; P = 0.004), sleep quality (SMD, -0.55; 95% CI -0.97 to -0.12; P = 0.01), balance (SMD, -0.94; 95% CI -1.59 to 0.30; P = 0.004), handgrip strength (SMD, -0.69; 95% CI -1.2 to -0.19; P = 0.007), trunk flexibility (SMD, -0.66; 95% CI -1.13 to -0.19; P = 0.006), systolic (SMD, -0.60; 95% CI -0.94 to -0.27; P = 0.0004) and diastolic blood pressure (SMD, -0.46; 95% CI -0.73 to -0.20; P = 0.0005), and resting heart rate (SMD, -0.87; 95% CI -1.47 to -0.27; P = 0.005). The aggregated results of meta-analyses examining the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on leg power, cardiopulmonary endurance, and pulmonary function remain unclear because of a small number of studies. Conclusions. The aggregated results from this systematic review show that Baduanjin Qigong practice is beneficial for quality of life, sleep quality, balance, handgrip strength, trunk flexibility, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and resting heart rate. Further studies are necessary to confirm the effects of Baduanjin Qigong on leg power, cardiopulmonary endurance, and pulmonary function (e.g., vital capacity), while considering a long-term follow-up. Registration Number. This trial is registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42016036966.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart showing the retrieval of studies for review. PEDro = Physiotherapy Evidence Database; CNKI = Chinese National Knowledge Information Database; RCT = randomized controlled trial.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on quality of life.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on sleep quality.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on physical balance.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on handgrip strength.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on trunk and hip flexibility using sit-and-reach test.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on leg power measured using standing long jump test.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on six-minute walking test.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on systolic blood pressure.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on diastolic blood pressure.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on respiratory efficiency measured using vital capacity.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Forest plot showing the effect of Baduanjin Qigong on cardiorespiratory endurance measured using resting heart rate.

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