Wearable Focal Muscle Vibration on Pain, Balance, Mobility, and Sensation in Individuals with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Pilot Study

Raghuveer Chandrashekhar, Hongwu Wang, Carol Dionne, Shirley James, Jenni Burzycki, Raghuveer Chandrashekhar, Hongwu Wang, Carol Dionne, Shirley James, Jenni Burzycki

Abstract

People with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) experience a lower quality of life caused by associated pain, loss of sensation and mobility impairment. Current standard care for DPN is limited and lacking. This study explores the benefits of 4-week, in-home wearable focal muscle vibration (FMV) therapy on pain, balance, mobility, and sensation in people with DPN. Participants were randomized into three groups and received different FMV intensities. FMV was applied using a modified MyovoltTM wearable device to the tibialis anterior, distal quadriceps, and gastrocnemius/soleus muscles on both lower limbs for three days a week over four weeks. The outcomes included pain, balance, mobility, sensation, device usage log, feedback survey, and a semi-structured interview. In all, 23 participants completed the study. The results showed significant improvement in average pain (Pre: 4.00 ± 2.29; Post: 3.18 ± 2.26; p = 0.007), pain interference with walking ability (Pre: 4.14 ± 3.20; Post: 3.09 ± 1.976; p = 0.03), and standard and cognitive Timed Up-and-Go scores (Pre: 13.75 ± 5.34; Post: 12.65 ± 5.25; p = 0.04; Pre: 15.12 ± 6.60; Post: 12.71 ± 5.57; p = 0.003, respectively); the overall pain improvement was trending towards significance (Pre: 3.48 ± 2.56; Post: 2.87 ± 1.85; p = 0.051). Balance and sensations improved but not significantly. There was a trend towards significance (p = 0.088), correlation (r = 0.382) between changes in balance and baseline pain. The participants were highly satisfied with wearable FMV and were 100% compliant. FMV therapy was associated with improved pain, mobility, and sensation. Further study with a larger sample and better outcome measures are warranted.

Keywords: balance and mobility; diabetic peripheral neuropathy; pain; satisfaction and compliance; sensation; wearable focal muscle vibration.

Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) (i) Charging cable, user manual, and strap for the modified MyovoltTM device, (ii) Original MyovoltTM vibration device with two vibration motors capable of multiple vibration intensities, (iii) Modified version of the MyovoltTM with one vibration motor capable of only one vibration intensity; (b) Left: Modified MyovoltTM attached to the tibialis anterior muscle, Center: Modified MyovoltTM attached to the distal quadriceps muscle, Right: Modified MyovoltTM attached to the belly of the gastrocnemius/soleus muscle.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Pre- and post-pain scores for each vibration group; (b) Pre- and post-balance scores for each vibration group; (c) Pre- and post-left foot sensation scores for each vibration group; (d) Pre- and post-right foot sensation scores for each vibration group; (e) Pre- and post-left TUG scores for each vibration group; (f) Pre- and post-TUG cognitive scores for each vibration group.

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