Basics of cardiopulmonary bypass

Manjula Sarkar, Vishal Prabhu, Manjula Sarkar, Vishal Prabhu

Abstract

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) provides a bloodless field for cardiac surgery. It incorporates an extracorporeal circuit to provide physiological support in which venous blood is drained to a reservoir, oxygenated and sent back to the body using a pump. Team effort between surgeon, perfusionist and anaesthesiologist is paramount for the successful use of CPB. However, it also has its share of complications and strategies to reduce these complications are the area of the current research.

Keywords: Cardioplegia; cardiopulmonary bypass; heparin; oxygenator; protamine; ultrafiltration.

Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
During CPB, venous blood is drained through gravity into a reservoir. The pump moves blood from the reservoir to the oxygenator through a heat exchanger, before returning it to the arterial circulation. Additional components include suckers (to remove blood from surgical field), vents (to decompress the heart), haemofilters (for ultrafiltration) and cardioplegia system

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