Glycemic Variability Patterns Strongly Correlate With Partial Remission Status in Children With Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes
Olivier G Pollé, Antoine Delfosse, Manon Martin, Jacques Louis, Inge Gies, Marieke den Brinker, Nicole Seret, Marie-Christine Lebrethon, Thierry Mouraux, Laurent Gatto, Philippe A Lysy, DIATAG Working Group, Philippe A Lysy, Olivier G Pollé, Antoine Delfosse, Paola Gallo, Thierry Barrea, Gaetan De Valensart, Chloé Brunelle, Joachim Docquir, Jacques Louis, Nicolas Oberweis, Inge Gies, Willem Staels, Jesse Vanbesien, Christel Van den Brande, Marieke den Brinker, Mieke Van Eyde, Nicole Seret, Olimpia Chivu, Sophie Lambert, Marie-Christinne Lebrethon, Anne-Simone Parent, Catherine Sondag, Dominique Beckers, Thierry Mouraux, Laure Boutsen, Olivier G Pollé, Antoine Delfosse, Manon Martin, Jacques Louis, Inge Gies, Marieke den Brinker, Nicole Seret, Marie-Christine Lebrethon, Thierry Mouraux, Laurent Gatto, Philippe A Lysy, DIATAG Working Group, Philippe A Lysy, Olivier G Pollé, Antoine Delfosse, Paola Gallo, Thierry Barrea, Gaetan De Valensart, Chloé Brunelle, Joachim Docquir, Jacques Louis, Nicolas Oberweis, Inge Gies, Willem Staels, Jesse Vanbesien, Christel Van den Brande, Marieke den Brinker, Mieke Van Eyde, Nicole Seret, Olimpia Chivu, Sophie Lambert, Marie-Christinne Lebrethon, Anne-Simone Parent, Catherine Sondag, Dominique Beckers, Thierry Mouraux, Laure Boutsen
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate whether indexes of glycemic variability may overcome residual β-cell secretion estimates in the longitudinal evaluation of partial remission in a cohort of pediatric patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes.
Research design and methods: Values of residual β-cell secretion estimates, clinical parameters (e.g., HbA1c or insulin daily dose), and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) from 78 pediatric patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes were longitudinally collected during 1 year and cross-sectionally compared. Circadian patterns of CGM metrics were characterized and correlated to remission status using an adjusted mixed-effects model. Patients were clustered based on 46 CGM metrics and clinical parameters and compared using nonparametric ANOVA.
Results: Study participants had a mean (± SD) age of 10.4 (± 3.6) years at diabetes onset, and 65% underwent partial remission at 3 months. β-Cell residual secretion estimates demonstrated weak-to-moderate correlations with clinical parameters and CGM metrics (r2 = 0.05-0.25; P < 0.05). However, CGM metrics strongly correlated with clinical parameters (r2 >0.52; P < 0.05) and were sufficient to distinguish remitters from nonremitters. Also, CGM metrics from remitters displayed specific early morning circadian patterns characterized by increased glycemic stability across days (within 63-140 mg/dL range) and decreased rate of grade II hypoglycemia (P < 0.0001) compared with nonremitters. Thorough CGM analysis allowed the identification of four novel glucotypes (P < 0.001) that segregate patients into subgroups and mirror the evolution of remission after diabetes onset.
Conclusions: In our pediatric cohort, combination of CGM metrics and clinical parameters unraveled key clinical milestones of glucose homeostasis and remission status during the first year of type 1 diabetes.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04007809.
© 2022 by the American Diabetes Association.
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Source: PubMed