Choroidal Structural Changes Assessed with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography after Cataract Surgery in Eyes with Diabetic Retinopathy

Huiping Yao, Sha Gao, Xiaoqing Liu, Yufeng Zhou, Yu Cheng, Xi Shen, Huiping Yao, Sha Gao, Xiaoqing Liu, Yufeng Zhou, Yu Cheng, Xi Shen

Abstract

Objective: To determine the influence of phacoemulsification on choroidal vasculature in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) undergoing cataract surgery using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Methods: The study was conducted in 23 eyes of 23 cataract patients with mild/moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) without diabetic macular edema (DME) and 23 age-matched controls. Choroidal thickness (CT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) were measured at baseline and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery.

Results: The baseline CVI in the DR group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P=0.001). CVI in DR patients after surgery significantly increased compared with preoperative values (all P < 0.001 for 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery). Postoperative increase of CVI and CT in the DR group was more than in the control group, and the difference was significant 1 month and 3 months after surgery (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Patients with mild/moderate NPDR have reduced CVI compared with nondiabetic patients at baseline; diabetic cataract surgery tended to induce more increase in CVI and CT as compared with nondiabetic patients. This trial is registered with NCT04499768.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Copyright © 2020 Huiping Yao et al.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The dark pixels (arrow head) represented the luminal or vascular area and the light pixels (arrow) were defined as stromal or interstitial area. (a) SS-OCT scan image. (b) Image was converted with the auto local threshold tool. (c) The dark pixels were selected using the threshold tool. (d) An overlay image of ROI of the binarized segment of the choroid on SS-OCT scan.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The choroidal vascularity index for patients with mild/moderate NPDR (DR) and nondiabetic patients (control) at the four visits (mean ± SEM). W1: 1 wk postop; M1: 1 mo postop; M3: 3 mo postop.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Changes of CVI, (b) changes of foveal CT, (c) changes of parafoveal CT, and (d) changes of perifoveal CT for patients with mild/moderate NPDR (DR) and nondiabetic patients (control) at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively (mean ± SEM). W1: 1 wk postop; M1: 1 mo postop; M3: 3 mo postop. ∗P < 0.05.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The choroidal thickness of fovea, parafovea, and perifovea for patients with mild/moderate NPDR (a) and nondiabetic patients (b) at four visits (mean ± SEM) W1: 1 wk postop; M1: 1 mo postop; M3: 3 mo postop. ∗P < 0.05.

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