The Rapid Coronavirus Antibody Test: Can We Improve Accuracy?

Ina P Pavlova, Sujit S Nair, Natasha Kyprianou, Ash K Tewari, Ina P Pavlova, Sujit S Nair, Natasha Kyprianou, Ash K Tewari

No abstract available

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 antibodies; lateral flow assays; neutralizing antibodies; paper based analytical devices; rapid tests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Approaches for rapid SARS-COV-2 antibody detection: (A) Example of IgM and IgG lateral flow detection. Antibodies move from the sample to the conjugation pad by capillary action where they bind dried recombinant RBD proteins conjugated to gold nanoparticles. Next, they are captured on the IgM or the IgG test zone. Aggregated nanoparticles at the test zones results in colorimetric readout. (B) A lateral flow detection of neutralizing antibodies (Nabs). A proposed application of the sVNT assay (13). Nabs move from the sample pad to the test zone by capillary action. At the conjugation pad, they bind to dried recombinant RBD proteins causing their neutralization. At the test zone, neutralized RBD proteins cannot bind to immobilized recombinant ACE2 and are washed out. In the absence of neutralizing antibodies, RBD proteins bind to ACE2 proteins at the test zone, causing colorimetric readout. (C) A multi-step, paper-based test for neutralizing antibodies. In step one, Nabs move from the sample pad to the test zone by capillary action and block recombinant RBD proteins immobilized at the test zone. (C) The left part of the device has a wash, detection (with dried recombinant ACE2 proteins conjugated to gold nanoparticles) and signal amplification pad. In step two, the device is folded to initiate to sequential delivery of a wash, detection, and signal amplification volume to the test zone. In the absence of neutralizing antibodies, the ACE2-gold nanoparticle complex binds to the test zone. The paper-based device schematic was adapted from (17).

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