Brief Exercise Counseling and High-Intensity Interval Training on Physical Activity Adherence and Cardiometabolic Health in Individuals at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Jessica E Bourne, Jonathan P Little, Mark R Beauchamp, Julianne Barry, Joel Singer, Mary E Jung, Jessica E Bourne, Jonathan P Little, Mark R Beauchamp, Julianne Barry, Joel Singer, Mary E Jung

Abstract

Background: Worldwide incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly increasing. Given the numerous negative health consequences associated with T2D, prevention of this disease has become a priority. Lifestyle changes, including regular exercise, can reduce the onset of T2D in those at elevated risk. However, long-term adherence to exercise is often poor in this population. Existing lifestyle interventions targeting exercise are labor intensive and costly for staff and participants. Evidence-informed counseling delivered in a manner that reduces dependence on staff and facilitates self-regulatory skills could alleviate time and financial barriers while promoting independent exercise.

Objective: This protocol outlines the design, recruitment, and proposed analysis of a brief, 2-week evidence-informed exercise counseling intervention combined with either high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT).

Methods: Small Steps for Big Changes is a 2-arm randomized controlled trial that will examine the effectiveness of combining brief exercise counseling with HIIT or MICT on adherence to moderate and vigorous exercise over 1 year. Cardiorespiratory fitness will be assessed at baseline, post intervention (2 weeks), and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Physical activity behavior will be examined at baseline, post intervention, and 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month follow-up. The impact of the intervention on psychosocial outcomes pertinent to exercise adherence will be examined.

Results: Data collection was complete in March 2017. Data analysis is currently underway, and the first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2019.

Conclusions: The results of this brief intervention have the potential to inform future public health efforts designed to increase exercise in individuals at risk of T2D.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02164474; https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT02164474 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/74Hx1ipj6).

International registered report identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/11226.

Keywords: exercise; high-intensity interval training; prediabetes; type 2 diabetes.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None declared.

©Jessica E Bourne, Jonathan P Little, Mark R Beauchamp, Julianne Barry, Joel Singer, Mary E Jung. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 26.03.2019.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow of participants through the Small Steps for Big Changes program.

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