The effect of combined resistance and home-based walking exercise in type 2 diabetes patients

Kucukarslan Aylin, Daskapan Arzu, Sayinalp Sabri, Tuzun Emine Handan, Alaca Ridvan, Kucukarslan Aylin, Daskapan Arzu, Sayinalp Sabri, Tuzun Emine Handan, Alaca Ridvan

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined resistance and home-based walking exercise on glycemic and metabolic control, depression and quality of life in type-2 diabetes patients.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted at a private hospital in Turkey. Thirty-six type-2 diabetic patients participated in the study. Subjects were randomly distributed in one 8 week exercise intervention or in one control group. Exercise program consisted of resistance training and home-based walking. Before and after the training program, muscular strength, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1C, (HbA1C) and plasma lipid values, quality of life and symptoms of depression of the patients were assessed.

Results: Exercise group's baseline HbA1C was significantly higher than the control groups (p< 0.05); other blood parameters were similar between the two groups (p>0.05). At the baseline no significant differences were observed in the depression and four subscales (physical function, physical role, bodily pain, and general health perceptions) of the SF-36 between the exercise and control groups (p>0.05). The exercise group had higher scores of emotional role, vitality and mental health subscales than the control groups after the training programs (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Exercise training which included resistance training and home- based walking could be safe, effective and beneficial in diabetic patients.

Keywords: Home-based walking; resistance training; type-2 diabetes.

References

    1. The prevention of diabetes and its complications. Announcement of a new WHO technical report on the prevention of diabetes and its complications. Available from: . [accessed in 2006]
    1. Snoek FJ, Skinner TC. Psychological aspects of diabetes management. Medicine. 2006;34:61–62.
    1. Weerdt I de, Visser A, Veen van der E. Attitude behaviour theories and diabetes education programmes. Patient Educ Couns. 1989;13:3–19.
    1. Thomas D, Elliot E. Exercise for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;1:CD002968.
    1. Tuomilheto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksonn JG. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1343–50.
    1. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle interventions or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:393–403.
    1. Albright A, Franz M, Hornsby G, Kriska A, Marrero D, Ullrich I, et al. American College of Sports Medicine position stand: Exercise and type 2 diabetes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32:1345–60.
    1. Dishman RK. Increasing and maintaining exercise and physical activity. Behav Ther. 1991;22:345–78.
    1. Hwang AR, Yoo JS, Kim CJ. The effects of planned exercise program on metabolism, cardiopulmonary function and exercise compliance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2001;31:20–30.
    1. US Department of Health and Human Services, Physical Activity and Health: A report of the Surgeon General. USDHHS: US Department of Health and Human Services Washington (DC); 1996.
    1. Pratt M. Benefits of lifestyle activity vs structured exercise. JAMA. 1999;281:375–6.
    1. Hayes C, Herbert M, Marrero D, Martin CL, Muchnick S. Diabetes and exercise. Diabetes Educ. 2008;34:34–40.
    1. The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1997;20:1183–99.
    1. Inez M, Pereira R, Sergio P. Muscular strength and endurance tests: Reliability and prediction of one repetition maximum: Review and new evidences. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2003;9:336–46.
    1. Grey M, Boland EA, Davidson M, Yu C, Tamborlane WV. Coping skills training for youths with diabetes on intensive therapy. Appl Nurs Res. 1999;12:3–12.
    1. Standefer JC, Eaton RF. Evaluation of colorimetric method for determination of glycosylated haemoglobin. Clin Chem. 1983;29:135–40.
    1. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma without the use of ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972;18:499–502.
    1. Ware JE., Jr SF-36 health survey update. Spine. 2000;25:3130–9.
    1. Kocyigit H, Aydemir O, Fisek G, Olmez N, Memiş A. The validity and reliability of Turkish version of the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Turkish J Drugs Therap. 1999;12:102–6.
    1. Carroll BJ, Fielding JM, Blashki TG. Depression rating scales: A critical review. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1973;28:361–6.
    1. Froelicher VF, Follanshee WP, Myers J, Labovitz AJ, editors. Exercise and the heart. 3rd ed. St Louis (Mo): Mosby-Yearbook, Inc; 1993. pp. 10–32.pp. 71–99.
    1. Schenider SH, Ruderman NB. Exercise and NIDDM (technical review) Diabetes Care. 1990;13:785–9.
    1. American Diabetes Association. Physical activity/exercise and diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:58–62.
    1. Armour T, Norris S, Brown D, Zhang X, Caspersen C. Initiating and maintaining physical activity for type 2 diabetes mellitus (protocol) Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;1:CD004656.
    1. Conn VS, Hafdahl AR, Mehr DR, LeMaster JM, Brown SA, Nielsen PJ. Metabolic effects of interventions to increase exercise in adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2007;50:913–21.
    1. Honkola A, Forsen T, Eriksson J. Resistance training improves the metabolic profile in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetologica. 1997;34:245–8.
    1. Fennica LM, Kanaley JA, Azevedo JL, Miller CS, Weinstock RS, Carhart RL, et al. Influence on resistance exercise training on glucose control in women with type 2 diabetes. Metabolism. 2004;53:284–9.
    1. Dunstan DW, Puddey IB, Beilin LJ, Burke V, Morton AR, Stanton KG. Effects of a short-term circuit weight training program on glycemic control in NIDDM. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1998;40:53–61.
    1. Ibanez J, Izquierdo M, Arguelles I, Forga L, Larrion JL, Garcia-Unciti M, et al. Twice weekly progressive resistance training decreases abdominal fat and improves insulin sensitivity in older men with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:662–7.
    1. Agurs TD, Kumanyika SK, Ten HR. A randomized controlled trial of weight reduction and exercise for diabetes management in older African-American subjects. Diabetes Care. 1997;20:1503–11.
    1. Sigal RJ, Fisher SJ, Manzon A, Morais JA, Halter JB, Vranic B, et al. Glucoregulation during and after intense exercise: Effects of alpha-adrenergic blockade. Metabolism. 2000;49:386–94.
    1. Maiorana A, O'Driscoll G, Godman C, Taylor R, Green D. Combined aerobic and resistance exercise improves glycemic control and fitness in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2002;56:115–23.
    1. Wattana C, Srisuphan W, Pothiban L, Upchurch SL. Effects of a diabetes self management program on glycemic control, coronary heart disease risk, and quality of life among Thai patients with type 2 diabetes. Nursing Health Sci. 2007;9:135–41.
    1. Sturt J, Whitlock S, Hearnshaw H. Complex intervention development for diabetes self management. J Adv Nurs. 2006;54:293–303.
    1. Norris SL, Engelgau MM, Narayan KM. Effectiveness of self management training in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Care. 2001;24:561–87.
    1. Newman S, Steed L, Mulligan K. Self-management interventions for chronic illness. Lancet. 2004;364:1523–37.
    1. Dalewitz J, Khan N, Hershey CO. Barriers to control of blood glucose in diabetes mellitus. Am J Med Qual. 2000;15:16–25.
    1. Garvey WT, Kwon S, Zheng D, Shaugnessy S, Wallace P, Hutto A, et al. Effects of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes on lipoprotein subclass particle size and concentration determined by nuclear magnetic resonance. Diabetes. 2003;52:453–62.
    1. Halle M, Berg A, Garwers U, Baumstark MW, Knisel W, König D, et al. Influence of 4 weeks' intervention by exercise and diet on low density lipoprotein subfractions in obese women with type 2 diabetes. Metabolism. 1999;48:641–4.
    1. Kraus WE, Houmard JA, Duscha BD, Knetzger KJ, Wharton MB, McCartney JS, et al. Effects of the amount and intensity of exercise on plasma lipoproteins. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1483–92.

Source: PubMed

Sponsors et collaborateurs

Les conditions médicales

Interventions en matière de drogue

3
S'abonner