Dihydrocapsiate does not increase energy expenditure nor fat oxidation during aerobic exercise in men with overweight/obesity: a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial

Francisco J Osuna-Prieto, Francisco M Acosta, Unai A Perez de Arrilucea Le Floc'h, Blanca Riquelme-Gallego, Elisa Merchan-Ramirez, Huiwen Xu, Juan Carlos De La Cruz-Márquez, Francisco J Amaro-Gahete, Jose A Llamas-Elvira, Eva M Triviño-Ibáñez, Antonio Segura-Carretero, Jonatan R Ruiz, Francisco J Osuna-Prieto, Francisco M Acosta, Unai A Perez de Arrilucea Le Floc'h, Blanca Riquelme-Gallego, Elisa Merchan-Ramirez, Huiwen Xu, Juan Carlos De La Cruz-Márquez, Francisco J Amaro-Gahete, Jose A Llamas-Elvira, Eva M Triviño-Ibáñez, Antonio Segura-Carretero, Jonatan R Ruiz

Abstract

Background: Prior evidence suggests that capsinoids ingestion may increase resting energy expenditure (EE) and fat oxidation (FATox), yet whether they can modulate those parameters during exercise conditions remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that dihydrocapsiate (DHC) ingestion would increase EE and specifically FATox during an acute bout of aerobic exercise at FATmax intensity (the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation during exercise [MFO]) in men with overweight/obesity. Since FATmax and MFO during aerobic exercise appear to be indicators of metabolic flexibility, whether DHC has an impact on FATox in this type of population is of clinical interest.

Methods: A total of 24 sedentary men (age = 40.2 ± 9.2 years-old; body mass index = 31.6 ± 4.5 kg/m2 [n = 11 overweight, n = 13 obese]) participated in this randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial (registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT05156697). On the first day, participants underwent a submaximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer to determine their MFO and FATmax intensity during exercise. After 72 hours had elapsed, the participants returned on 2 further days (≥ 72 hours apart) and performed a 60 min steady-state exercise bout (i.e. cycling at their FATmax, constant intensity) after ingesting either 12 mg of DHC or placebo; these conditions were randomized. Respiratory gas exchange was monitored by indirect calorimetry. Serum marker concentrations (i.e. glucose, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), skin temperature, thermal perception, heart rate, and perceived fatigue) were assessed.

Results: There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between DHC and placebo conditions in the EE and FATox during exercise. Similarly, no significant changes were observed in glucose, triglycerides, or NEFAs serum levels, neither in the skin temperature nor thermal perception across conditions. Heart rate and perceived fatigue did not differ between conditions.

Conclusions: DHC supplementation does not affect energy metabolism during exercise in men with overweight/obesity.

Keywords: Capsinoids; FATmax; TRPV1; metabolism; nutraceutical; obesity.

Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Effects of dihydrocapsiate ingestion on EE, FATox, and CHOox during aerobic exercise at FATmax intensity in men with overweight/obesity (n = 24). Panels A, B, and C show the total AUC (an indicator of the overall change) of the EE, FATox, and CHOox in the placebo vs. dihydrocapsiate conditions; P values from paired t-test comparing AUC expressed as a percentage of its baseline. Panels D, E, and F show the mean values at each time point of EE, FATox, and CHOox across these conditions; P values from linear mixed model analyses. AUC: area under the curve, CHOox: carbohydrate oxidation, EE: energy expenditure, FATox: fat oxidation. In panels D, E, and F, each single point (blue) or square (Orange) represent the mean value of each 5 min period.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Effects of dihydrocapsiate ingestion on blood parameters during aerobic exercise at FATmax intensity in men with overweight/obesity. Panels A, B, and C respectively show the mean values at each time point of the serum levels of glucose (n = 22), triglycerides (n = 22), and NEFA (n = 16) during exercise in the placebo vs. dihydrocapsiate condition. NEFA: non-esterified fatty acids. P values from linear mixed model analyses.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Effects of dihydrocapsiate ingestion on skin temperature during aerobic exercise at FATmax intensity in men with overweight/obesity. Panels A, B, and C respectively show the mean values at each time point of distal (n = 22), proximal (n = 17), and mean (n = 18) skin temperatures during exercise in the placebo vs. dihydrocapsiate condition. Each single point (blue) or square (Orange) represents the mean value of each 5 min period. P values from linear mixed model analyses.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Effects of dihydrocapsiate ingestion on thermal perception during aerobic exercise at FATmax intensity in men with overweight/obesity. Panel A, B, C, and D respectively show the mean values at each time point of thermal perception on the body (n = 17), hands (n = 18), feet (n = 18), and abdominal region (n = 18). P values from linear mixed model analyses.

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