Comparison of Polymeric Cyanoacrylate Adhesives with Suturing in Free Gingival Graft Stability: A Split Mouth Trial

Reham N AlJasser, Mohammed A AlSarhan, Dalal H AlOtaibi, Saleh AlOraini, Rand AlNuwaiser, Alanoud AlOtaibi, Hessah Alduraihem, Syed Rashid Habib, Muhammad Sohail Zafar, Reham N AlJasser, Mohammed A AlSarhan, Dalal H AlOtaibi, Saleh AlOraini, Rand AlNuwaiser, Alanoud AlOtaibi, Hessah Alduraihem, Syed Rashid Habib, Muhammad Sohail Zafar

Abstract

The aim is to compare the use of Cyanoacrylate adhesives (CAA) to the conventional suturing technique in terms of free gingival grafts (FGG) stability and healing in lower anterior and premolar regions. A split mouth design was initiated on 22 participants. Each side (from 2nd premolar to central incisor) was randomized to either the control or test groups. In the control group, sutures were used to stabilize the FGG, while, in the test group, the FGG was stabilized with butyl-cyanoacrylate. Full-periodontal clinical parameters were employed to assess the periodontal health. FGG-related parameters assessed included the keratinized tissue width (KTW), gingival tissue thickness (GTT), FGG shrinkage% and pain using the VAS score. No significant differences in the mean values of the KTW nor FGG shrinkage% across six time points (p < 0.05) were observed, whereas highly significant differences in the mean values of GTT across six time points (F = 3.32; p = 0.008) were observed. The use of CAA in FGG stability and healing is comparable to conventional suturing for soft tissue grafts in terms of success outcomes. With its cost effectiveness, lesser time consumption, post-operative pain and comparable graft stability and dimensions, the use of CAA may be a promising alternative for conventional and microsurgical techniques for the stabilization of FGG in the oral cavity.

Keywords: cyanoacrylate; cyanoacrylate adhesive; free gingival grafts; gingival grafts; suturing techniques; wound healing.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Steps of surgical procedure: (a).—determining the area for graft/; (b).—partial thickness flap design/; (c).—soft tissue tags removed/; (d,e).—free gingival graft in place.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a).—Free gingival graft stabilization in control group.; (b).—free gingival graft stabilization in test group.

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