Association between vitamin D deficiency and lipid profiles in overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xiao Huang, Yan Yang, Yingling Jiang, Zhiguang Zhou, Jingjing Zhang, Xiao Huang, Yan Yang, Yingling Jiang, Zhiguang Zhou, Jingjing Zhang

Abstract

Objective: The association between vitamin D deficiency and lipid profiles in adults with overweight or obesity remains unclear and inconsistent. The aim of our study was to determine the relationship between lipid profiles and vitamin D deficiency in the overweight and obese adults.

Methods: Four databases, including PubMed, the Web of Science, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library, were used to identify all studies on vitamin D status and lipid levels, including the serum levels of triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL). The Weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random-effects models was used to assess the association between the lipid profile and vitamin D deficiency.

Results: Twenty-one articles that included a total of 7952 adults with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) were included. The overall results revealed that compared with the controls, individuals with vitamin D deficiency showed higher levels of TG (WMD = 15.01; 95%CI, 2.51-27.52) and TC (WMD = 8.61; 95%CI, 1.31-15.92). Moreover, vitamin D deficiency was related to an increased level of LDL (WMD = 6.12; 95%CI, 0.02-12.23). HDL level was inversely associated with the vitamin D deficiency status (WMD = -2.57; 95%CI, -4.26, -0.88).

Conclusions: Among the adults with overweight or obesity, the vitamin D deficient group displayed impaired lipid profiles, including increased TG, TC and LDL levels and reduced HDL level.

Keywords: HDL; LDL; Obesity; Total cholesterol; Triglyceride; Vitamin D.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram of the study selection process
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plots of WMD for the association between vitamin D deficiency and TG
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Forest plots of WMD for the association between vitamin D deficiency and TC
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Forest plots of WMD for the association between vitamin D deficiency and LDL
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Forest plots of WMD for the association between vitamin D deficiency and HDL

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