Working to Increase Vaccination for Human Papillomavirus: A Survey of Wisconsin Stakeholders, 2015

Sarah Mroz, Xiao Zhang, Mercedes Williams, Amy Conlon, Noelle K LoConte, Sarah Mroz, Xiao Zhang, Mercedes Williams, Amy Conlon, Noelle K LoConte

Abstract

Introduction: Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is common and can progress to various types of cancer. HPV infection can be prevented through vaccination; however, vaccination rates among adolescents are low. The objective of this study was to assess efforts among Wisconsin stakeholders in HPV vaccination and organizational capacity for future collaborative work.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of 277 stakeholders in HPV vaccination activities, from April 30, 2015, through June 30, 2015. Stakeholders were public health professionals, health care providers, educators, quality improvement professionals, researchers, and advocates identified as engaged in HPV vaccination work.

Results: Of the 277 invited stakeholders, 117 (42%) responded to the survey. Findings showed that most current HPV vaccination activities targeted 3 groups: adolescents and parents, clinical and health professionals, and communities and health systems. The main activities directed at these groups were providing printed educational materials, professional education, and media campaigns to raise awareness. Common barriers reported were lack of understanding about the link between HPV and cancer, requests to delay vaccination, difficulty completing the 3-dose vaccine series, and reluctance to discuss sexuality.

Conclusion: HPV vaccination rates are far below those of other vaccinations administered to adolescents in Wisconsin. Our study showed that various local efforts were being made to increase HPV vaccination uptake; however, many barriers exist to initiation and completion of the vaccine series. Future interventions should address barriers and employ evidence-based strategies for increasing HPV vaccination rates.

Figures

Figures 1a–d
Figures 1a–d
Percentage of Wisconsin stakeholder organizations (N = 117) reporting activities to increase human papillomavirus vaccination in Wisconsin, 2013–2015. Figure 1a shows stakeholder organizations with activities focused on adolescents and parents, 1b shows stakeholder organizations with activities focused on clinical and health professionals, 1c shows stakeholder organizations with activities focused on communities and health systems, and 1d shows stakeholder organizations with activities focused on advocacy and public policy. The rates of advocating for public policy change and advocating for increased public funding increased over time (P < .05). [Table: see text]
Figures 2a–d
Figures 2a–d
Percentage of Wisconsin stakeholder organizations (N = 117) reporting barriers to human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, from 2013 through 2015. Figure 2a shows percentage of stakeholder organizations reporting barriers related to adolescents and parents (n = 75), 2b shows the percentage of stakeholder organizations reporting barriers related to clinical and health professionals (n = 54), 2c shows the percentage of stakeholder organizations reporting barriers related to communities and health systems (n = 43), and 2d shows the percentage of stakeholder organizations reporting barriers related to advocacy and public policy (n = 10). Abbreviation: STI, sexually transmitted infection. [Table: see text]

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Source: PubMed

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