Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China

Bo Li, Jing Yang, Faming Zhao, Lili Zhi, Xiqian Wang, Lin Liu, Zhaohui Bi, Yunhe Zhao, Bo Li, Jing Yang, Faming Zhao, Lili Zhi, Xiqian Wang, Lin Liu, Zhaohui Bi, Yunhe Zhao

Abstract

Background: Studies have reminded that cardiovascular metabolic comorbidities made patients more susceptible to suffer 2019 novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) disease (COVID-19), and exacerbated the infection. The aim of this analysis is to determine the association of cardiovascular metabolic diseases with the development of COVID-19.

Methods: A meta-analysis of eligible studies that summarized the prevalence of cardiovascular metabolic diseases in COVID-19 and compared the incidences of the comorbidities in ICU/severe and non-ICU/severe patients was performed. Embase and PubMed were searched for relevant studies.

Results: A total of six studies with 1527 patients were included in this analysis. The proportions of hypertension, cardia-cerebrovascular disease and diabetes in patients with COVID-19 were 17.1%, 16.4% and 9.7%, respectively. The incidences of hypertension, cardia-cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes were about twofolds, threefolds and twofolds, respectively, higher in ICU/severe cases than in their non-ICU/severe counterparts. At least 8.0% patients with COVID-19 suffered the acute cardiac injury. The incidence of acute cardiac injury was about 13 folds higher in ICU/severe patients compared with the non-ICU/severe patients.

Conclusion: Patients with previous cardiovascular metabolic diseases may face a greater risk of developing into the severe condition and the comorbidities can also greatly affect the prognosis of the COVID-19. On the other hand, COVID-19 can, in turn, aggravate the damage to the heart.

Keywords: 2019-nCoV; COVID-19; Cardiac injury; Cardiovascular metabolic diseases.

Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram of the study selection process
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Meta-analysis for the proportion of hypertension, cardia-cerebrovascular disease and diabetes in COVID-19 cases. Weights are calculated from binary random-effects model analysis. Values represent proportions of the 3 diseases in the COVID-19 patients and 95% CI. Heterogeneity analysis was carried out using Q test, the among studies variation (I2 index). Forest plots depict the comparison of the incidences of the 3 diseases in ICU/severe and non-ICU/severe patients
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Meta-analysis for the incidence of cardiac injury in COVID-19 cases. Weights are calculated from binary random-effects model analysis. Values represent proportions of the cardiac injury in the COVID-19 patients and 95% CI. Heterogeneity analysis was carried out using Q test, the among studies variation (I2 index). Forest plots depict the comparison of the incidences of cardiac injury in ICU/severe and non-ICU/severe patients
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Funnel plots of the comparisons of hypertension, cardia-cerebrovascular disease, diabetes and acute cardiac injury between ICU/severe and non-ICU/severe patients

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Source: PubMed

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