Evaluation of swallowing in infants with congenital heart defect

Karine da Rosa Pereira, Cora Firpo, Marisa Gasparin, Adriane Ribeiro Teixeira, Silvia Dornelles, Tzvi Bacaltchuk, Deborah Salle Levy, Karine da Rosa Pereira, Cora Firpo, Marisa Gasparin, Adriane Ribeiro Teixeira, Silvia Dornelles, Tzvi Bacaltchuk, Deborah Salle Levy

Abstract

Introduction Surgical repair of congenital heart disease in the first years of life compromises the coordination of the suction, breathing, and swallowing functions. Objective To describe the alterations in swallowing found in infants with congenital heart defect during their hospitalization. Methods Prospective, cross-sectional study in a reference hospital for heart disease. The sample consisted of 19 postsurgical patients who underwent an evaluation of swallowing. The infants included were younger than 7 months and had a diagnosis of congenital heart defect and suspected swallowing difficulties. Results Of the 19 infants with congenital heart defect, the median age was 3.2 months. A significant association was found between suction rhythm and dysphagia (p = 0.036) and between oral-motor oral feeding readiness and dysphagia (p = 0.014). Conclusions The data suggest that dysphagia often occurs after surgery in infants with congenital heart defect. Infants with congenital heart defect had very similar behavior to preterm infants in terms of oral feeding readiness.

Keywords: congenital heart; defects; deglutition disorders; infant; language and hearing sciences; respiratory aspiration; speech.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Comparison between the groups of infants with congenital heart defect, according to the preterm readiness for oral feeding protocol. Abbreviations: G1, group 1 (infants with no alterations in swallowing); G2, group 2 (infants with alterations in swallowing). *Mann-Whitney test.

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