Effects of glutamine on glycemic control during and after exercise in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study

Nelly Mauras, Dongyuan Xing, Larry A Fox, Kim Englert, Dominique Darmaun, Nelly Mauras, Dongyuan Xing, Larry A Fox, Kim Englert, Dominique Darmaun

Abstract

Objective: To investigate if oral glutamine ameliorates exercise and postexercise nighttime hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic adolescents.

Research design and methods: Ten adolescents (15.2 +/- 1.4 years [SD], A1C 6.9 +/- 0.9%) on insulin pumps were studied. The subjects were randomized to receive a glutamine or placebo drink pre-exercise and at bedtime (0.25 g/kg/dose). A 3:00 p.m. exercise session consisted of four 15-min treadmill/5-min rest cycles. Pre-exercise blood glucose was 140-150 mg/dl and was monitored throughout the night. Studies were randomized crossover over 3 weeks.

Results: Blood glucose levels dropped comparably (52%) during exercise on both days. However, the overnight number of hypoglycemic events was higher on glutamine than placebo (<or=70 mg/dl, P = 0.03 and <or=60, P = 0.05). The cumulative probability of nighttime hypoglycemia was increased on glutamine days (80%) versus placebo days (50%) (P = 0.02).

Conclusions: Glutamine increased the cumulative probability of postexercise overnight hypoglycemia compared with placebo in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Whether glutamine may enhance insulin sensitivity postexercise requires further study in type 1 diabetes.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cumulative probability of nighttime hypoglycemia (≤70 mg/dl) if the same adolescents with type 1 diabetes took glutamine or placebo before afternoon exercise and at bedtime.

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