Working with influenza-like illness: Presenteeism among US health care personnel during the 2014-2015 influenza season

Abstract

Background: Health care personnel (HCP) working while experiencing influenza-like illness (ILI) contribute to influenza transmission in health care settings. Studies focused on certain HCP occupations or work settings have demonstrated that some HCP often continue to work while ill.

Methods: Using a national nonprobability Internet panel survey of 1,914 HCP during the 2014-2015 influenza season, we calculated the frequency of working with self-reported ILI (ie, fever and cough or sore throat) and examined reasons for working with ILI by occupation and work setting.

Results: Overall, 414 (21.6%) HCP reported ILI, and 183 (41.4%) reported working with ILI (median, 3 days; range, 0-30 days). Pharmacists (67.2%) and physicians (63.2%) had the highest frequency of working with ILI. By work setting, hospital-based HCP had the highest frequency of working with ILI (49.3%). The most common reasons for working while ill included still being able to perform job duties and not feeling bad enough to miss work. Among HCP at long-term care facilities, the most common reason was inability to afford lost pay.

Conclusions: More than 40% of HCP with ILI work while ill. To reduce HCP-associated influenza transmission, potential interventions could target HCP misconceptions about working while ill and paid sick leave policies.

Keywords: Ill; Occupational health; Sick leave.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: None to report.

Published by Elsevier Inc.

Figures

Fig 1

Reported reasons for going to work with influenza-like illness, by work setting (n = 179), Internet panel survey, United States, 2014–2015 influenza season. Respondents were asked to select all of the reasons why they went to work with influenza-like illness. None supplied a reason that was not on the list.