Pazopanib with 5-FU and oxaliplatin as first line therapy in advanced gastric cancer: A randomized phase-II study-The PaFLO trial. A study of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie AIO-STO-0510

Anica Högner, Salah-Eddin Al-Batran, Jens T Siveke, Mario Lorenz, Prisca Bartels, Kirstin Breithaupt, Peter Malfertheiner, Nils Homann, Alexander Stein, Dietrich Gläser, Ingo Tamm, Axel Hinke, Arndt Vogel, Peter Thuss-Patience, PaFLO investigators, Anica Högner, Salah-Eddin Al-Batran, Jens T Siveke, Mario Lorenz, Prisca Bartels, Kirstin Breithaupt, Peter Malfertheiner, Nils Homann, Alexander Stein, Dietrich Gläser, Ingo Tamm, Axel Hinke, Arndt Vogel, Peter Thuss-Patience, PaFLO investigators

Abstract

VEGF inhibition in gastric cancer has a proven benefit in the second line setting. Pazopanib, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, selectively inhibits VEGFR-1, -2 and -3, c-kit and PDGF-R resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis. This open-label randomized phase II trial (2:1) investigated the efficacy of combining pazopanib with FLO (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin) vs FLO alone (internal control arm) as first-line treatment in patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the stomach and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). Eighty-seven patients were randomized and 78 patients were eligible and evaluable (PaFLO arm 51 patients, FLO arm 27 patients). The PFS rate at 6 months (primary endpoint) was 34% in the PaFLO arm vs 30% in the FLO arm. Comparing PaFLO with FLO median PFS was 4.66 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.87-6.46) vs 4.47 months (95% CI 1.79-7.14) (95% CI, hazard ratio [HR] 0.96 (0.60-1.55), P = .882 [exploratory]); median OS was 10.19 months (95% CI 5.46-14.92) vs 7.33 months (95% CI 4.93-9.73), (95% CI HR 1.01 [0.62-1.65], P = .953, exploratory), disease control rate was 72% vs 59%. PaFLO was well tolerable, toxicities were slightly higher in the PaFLO arm. Major adverse events were loss of appetite, nausea, fatigue, diarrhea, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Adding pazopanib to chemotherapy shows signs of efficacy but no major improvement in this randomized phase 2 trial. The PFS at 6 months in both arms was lower than expected from the literature. Biomarkers identifying subgroups who benefit and novel combinations are needed. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01503372.

Keywords: FLO; GEJ cancer; PaFLO; gastric cancer; pazopanib.

© 2021 The Authors. International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of UICC.

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