Depression in Myotonic Dystrophy type 1: clinical and neuronal correlates

Stefan Winblad, Christer Jensen, Jan-Eric Månsson, Lena Samuelsson, Christopher Lindberg, Stefan Winblad, Christer Jensen, Jan-Eric Månsson, Lena Samuelsson, Christopher Lindberg

Abstract

Background: This study was designed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of depression in Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1).

Methods: Thirty-one patients with DM1 and 47 subjects in a clinical contrast group, consisting of other neuromuscular disorders, including Spinal muscular atrophy, Limb girdle muscle atrophy and Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy, completed Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We aimed to establish whether different factors associated with DM1 correlated with ratings in the BDI.

Results: Signs of a clinical depression were prevalent in 32% of the patients with DM1, which was comparable with ratings in the clinical contrast group. The depressive condition was mild to moderate in both groups. In DM1, a longer duration of clinical symptoms was associated with lower scores on the BDI and higher educational levels were correlated with higher scores on depression. We also found a negative association with brain white matter lesions.

Conclusions: Findings indicate significantly more DM1 patients than normative collectives showing signs of a clinical depression. The depressive condition is however mild to moderate and data indicate that the need for intervention is at hand preferentially early during the disease process.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of BDI scores of patients with DM1 and clinical contrast group patients. Description of values: 1-9 = minimal depression, 10-16 = mild depression, 17-29 = moderate depression. Cut off value on clinical depression = 10 (20).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation between DM1 patient's scores on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and duration of disease (years), rs = -.426, P < 0.02.

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